Bonisa i-HN: I-RetroTick – Qalisa ama-Windows EXE akudala esipheqululini

Isoftware Yefa Ngeke Ife — Kodwa Isiphequluli Singase Siyikhulule Ekugcineni

Ndaweni ethile emnyangweni wezezimali khona manje, umshini we-Windows XP uvungama ekhoneni, usebenzisa uhlelo lokukhokhelwa olungakaze lubuyekezwe kusukela ngo-2009. Ithimba le-IT liyazi ukuthi yisibopho sokuvikela. Abaphathi bayazi ukuthi ukuyibuyisela kuzobiza izinyanga zomzamo wokufuduka. Futhi ngakho-ke ihlala - ibhomu lesikhathi esihambayo eligqoke iphepha lodonga le-Bliss. Lesi simo sidlala amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamabhizinisi emhlabeni jikelele, futhi yingakho nje amaphrojekthi asebenzisa okusebenzisekayo kwe-Windows okujwayelekile ngqo esipheqululini athwebule umcabango wonjiniyela nabanikazi bamabhizinisi ngokufanayo.

Umbono ulula ngendlela ekhohlisayo: thatha ifayela le-.exe lefa, ulingise indawo ye-Windows ngaphakathi kwethebhu yesiphequluli sesimanje, futhi uvumele abasebenzisi basebenzisane nesofthiwe ebingadinga ukunakekelwa kwezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha ezigugayo noma imishini ebonakalayo entekenteke. Kodwa ngaphansi kwalobo bulula kukhona uguquko olukhulu endleleni esicabanga ngayo ngokuphila isikhathi eside kwesofthiwe, ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi, kanye nekesi yokuthi ekugcineni sisuke kumathuluzi akhelwe inkathi ehlukile.

Kungani Amabhizinisi Abambelele Kuhlelo Lwesofthiwe Yefa

Ngokombiko wango-2024 we-Flexera, 68% yezinhlangano zisasebenzisa okungenani isicelo esisodwa esidlule usuku lwazo lokuphela kwempilo. Izizathu ziyabikezelwa kodwa zigxile kakhulu. Ukuthuthela kwelinye izwe kuyabiza - hhayi ezindlekweni zokunikeza ilayisense kuphela, kodwa ekuqeqesheni kabusha izisebenzi, ukuguqula amafomethi wedatha, nokwakha kabusha ukugeleza komsebenzi okuye kwacwengwa phakathi neminyaka eyishumi noma ngaphezulu. Emabhizinisini amancane asebenza emikhawulweni emincane, i-calculus ivame ukukhetha "uma ingaphukile, ungayishintshi."

Kuphinde kube nenkinga yolwazi lwesikhungo. Umuntu olungise leyo CRM yefa noma isilandeleli sempahla kungenzeka ushiye inkampani eminyakeni edlule. Akekho oziqonda ngokugcwele izingqinamba zayo, i-schema yayo yesizindalwazi, noma imibiko yangokwezifiso eyikhiqizayo. Ukuyishintsha kusho iminyaka yobunjiniyela ehlehlayo yomqondo webhizinisi oqoqiwe - umsebenzi ozwakala u-Herculean lapho uzama futhi ukugcina izibani zikhanya.

Bese kuba nomthelela womzwelo ongavamile ukuxoxwa emibuthanweni yobuchwepheshe. Amaqembu akha inkumbulo yemisipha eduze kwamathuluzi awo. Izinqamuleli zekhibhodi, izakhiwo zesikrini, ukulandelana okukhethekile kokuchofoza ukuze kukhiqizwe umbiko wekota — lokhu kucishe kufane nezimo. Ukucela abantu ukuthi balahle lokho kunethezeka ukuze bathole uxhumano lwesimanjemanje, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi luphakeme kangakanani, kudala ukumelana kwangempela.

Ukulingisa Okususelwe Esipheqululini: Ibhuloho, Hhayi Indawo Okuya Kuyo

Ukuqalisa okusebenzisekayo kwe-Windows esipheqululini kuyimpumelelo yobuchwepheshe ehlaba umxhwele ngempela. Amaphrojekthi akulesi sikhala ngokuvamile asebenzisa i-WebAssembly ukuze ihlanganise ama-emulators e-x86 abe ikhodi esebenza ngokomdabu esipheqululini, edala indawo ye-Windows ene-sandboxed engadingi ama-plugin, akukho ukulandwa, kanye nokubandakanyeka komnyango we-IT. Umsebenzisi angalayisha i-.exe yamashumi eminyaka ubudala futhi ahlanganyele nayo njengokungathi uqalise i-PC yakudala - konke ngaphakathi kwethebhu ye-Chrome.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezisebenzayo ziyaphoqa. Imiphakathi yokulondoloza isofthiwe ingenza izinhlelo zokusebenza ezilahliwe zifinyeleleke kubacwaningi ngaphandle kokudinga ihadiwe efanele isikhathi. Amaqembu e-IT angahlola izinhlelo zokusebenza zefa ngesikhathi sokuhlela ukufuduka ngaphandle kokuphenya imishini ebonakalayo ezinikele. Iminyango yokuqeqesha ingavumela abasebenzi abasha ukuba bazibonele isistimu endala eduze nentsha ngezikhathi zoshintsho.

Kodwa nawu umehluko obalulekile ovame ukulahleka enjabulweni: ukulingisa okusekelwe kusiphequluli kuxazulula inkinga yokufinyelela, hhayi inkinga yebhizinisi ewumsuka. Ukusebenzisa uhlelo lwama-invoyisi lweminyaka engu-15 kuthebhu yesiphequluli akukwenzi kube ngaphansi kwesicelo se-invoyisi seminyaka engu-15 ubudala. Ayikakwazi ukuhlanganiswa nezicubunguli zokukhokha zesimanje. Isagcina idatha ngamafomethi obunikazi. Isantula ukufinyelela kweselula, ukusebenzisana kwesikhathi sangempela, namandla okuzenzakalela amabhizinisi esimanje ancike kuwo.

Ukusetshenziswa okungcono kakhulu kokulingisa kwefa akukhona ukunweba impilo yesofthiwe esiphelelwe yisikhathi — okokunikeza amabhizinisi isikhathi sebhuloho elinethezekile ngenkathi ethuthela ezinkundleni ezakhelwe ukuthi umsebenzi wenzeka kanjani ngempela namuhla. Ukulingisa kukuthengela isikhathi; akufanele kube isu lakho lesikhathi eside.

Izindleko Ezifihliwe Zokusebenzisa Amathuluzi Efa

Ngisho noma isofthiwe yefa isasebenza ngokobuchwepheshe, ibeka izindleko ezingavamile ukubonakala eshidini lebhalansi. Ukuphepha ukukhathazeka okusobala kakhulu - isofthiwe engasawatholi ama-patches iyisimemo esivulekile sokuxhashazwa. Ukwephulwa kwemithetho ye-MOVEit ka-2023, okuthinte izinhlangano ezingaphezu kuka-2,500, kwakuyisikhumbuzo esiqinile sokuthi isofthiwe yefa neyokuphela kwempilo idala izindawo zokuhlasela amathuluzi ezokuphepha esimanje angakwazi ukuzivikela ngokugcwele.

Ngaphandle kokuphepha, kunentela yokukhiqiza. Amathuluzi wefa ngokuvamile awakwazi ukuxhumana namanye noma nezinhlelo zokusebenza zesimanje ngaphandle kwe-middleware yangokwezifiso. Lokhu kusho ukuthi abasebenzi bachitha amahora bedlulisela idatha mathupha phakathi kwezinhlelo - bekopisha izinombolo ze-invoyisi kolunye uhlelo lokusebenza, bazinamathisele kuspredishithi, bese belayisha leso sipredishithi kwelinye ithuluzi. Ucwaningo oluvela kwaMcKinsey luphakamisa ukuthi abasebenzi bolwazi bachitha cishe u-20% wesonto labo lomsebenzi befuna ulwazi noma belandelela ozakwabo abangasiza ngamathuluzi athile.

Kukhona nezindleko zamathuba. Ihora ngalinye iqembu lakho elilichitha ligcina ukugeleza komsebenzi okufa ihora elingachithwa emisebenzini ekhulisa ibhizinisi. Uma izimbangi zakho zisebenzisa izibalo ezisebenza nge-AI ukuze zibone okuthrendayo ngesikhathi sangempela futhi ithimba lakho lihlanganisa mathupha imibiko evela kusizindalwazi senkathi ye-Windows 98, igebe lokuncintisana likhula ngokushesha kunalokho okucatshangwa abanikazi bamabhizinisi abaningi.

Yiziphi Izingxenyekazi Zebhizinisi Zesimanje Ezixazululeka Ngempela

Isizathu sokuthi isofthiwe yefa iphikelele akukhona ukuthi ezinye izindlela zesimanje azikho - ukuthi ukushintsha ngokuvamile kusho ukwamukela imikhiqizo ye-SaaS emihlanu noma eyisithupha ehlukene ukuze ithathele indawo yesistimu yefa le-monolithic, ngalinye libe nokungena kwalo, umjikelezo wokukhokha, kanye nesilo sedatha. Lokhu kuhlukana kungase kube kubi kakhulu kunenkinga eyixazululayo.

Yilapho kanye izinkundla ezihlanganisiwe zishintsha khona isibalo. I-Mewayz, isibonelo, inikeza amamojula ahlanganisiwe angu-207 — kusukela ku-CRM nama-invoyisi kuya ku-payroll, ukuphathwa kwe-HR, ukulandelela izimoto, kanye nezibalo - ngaphakathi kweplathifomu eyodwa. Esikhundleni sokushintsha uhlelo lokusebenza lwefa ngamathuluzi esimanje anqanyuliwe angamashumi amabili nambili, amabhizinisi angathuthela ku-ecosystem lapho idatha igeleza ngokwemvelo phakathi kwemisebenzi. I-invoyisi ekhiqizwe ekusebenzelaneni kweklayenti ku-CRM ingena ngokuzenzakalelayo kumojula yokubala, eyazisa ideshibhodi yezibalo, ecupha ukulandelana kokulandelela okuzenzakalelayo.

Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zokuthuthela kunkundla yesimanje ehlanganisiwe zihlanganisa:

• Isendlalelo sedatha esihlanganisiwe — Akusekho ukukopisha idatha phakathi kwezinhlelo zokusebenza noma ukugcina ukuhlanganiswa okubuthakathaka kwe-API phakathi kwamathuluzi avela kubathengisi abahlukene
• Okwakhelwe ngaphakathi okuzenzakalelayo — Ukugeleza komsebenzi okunikwe amandla yi-AI okusingatha imisebenzi ephindaphindwayo njengezikhumbuzi zama-invoyisi, ukuhlela ama-aphoyintimenti, nokuthola amaphuzu aholayo ngaphandle kokungenelela okwenziwa ngesandla
• Ukufinyelela kokuqala kweselula — Yonke imojula isebenza kunoma iyiphi idivayisi, isusa umkhawulo wedeskithophu kuphela ochaza iningi lesofthiwe yefa
• Izibuyekezo eziqhubekayo — Iziqephu zokuphepha, ukuthuthukiswa kwezici, nezibuyekezo zokuthobelana zenzeka ngokuzenzakalelayo, ngaphandle kokubandakanyeka kwe-IT
• Izintengo ezingalawuleki — Izigaba zamahhala nezinhlelo zeprimiyamu ezithengekayo eziqala ku-$19/ngenyanga zisho ukuthi umgoqo wezezimali wokutholwa uyingxenyana yalokho okusetshenziselwa ukufuduka kwefa

Ukuhlela Umzila Ongokoqobo Wokuthutha

Indlela ehlakaniphe kakhulu yokushiya isofthiwe yefa ngemuva ayikona ukunqamula okuqinile — ukufuduka ngezigaba okunciphisa ubungozi kuyilapho kwakha ukuzethemba. Amathuluzi okulingisa asekelwe esipheqululini angadlala indima ebalulekile lapha, asebenze njengenethi yokuphepha ngesikhathi soshintsho. Amaqembu angagcina ukufinyelela kusistimu endala ukuze enze ireferensi ngenkathi efunda inkundla entsha, kancane kancane eshintsha ukuhamba kwawo kwansuku zonke ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngokushintsha okungazelelwe.

Qala ngokucwaninga ukuthi yimiphi imisebenzi yefa ebaluleke ngempela futhi okuyimikhuba nje. Amabhizinisi amaningi athola ukuthi asebenzisa 30-40% kuphela izici zohlelo lokusebenza lwefa njalo. Okunye okunye yisayensi yemivubukulo yedijithali - izici ebezibalulekile eminyakeni emihlanu edlule kodwa ezingasabonisi ukuthi ibhizinisi lisebenza kanjani. Lokhu kuhlola kukodwa kuvame ukuveza ukuthi ukufuduka akwesabisi kangako njengoba bekuvela.

Okulandelayo, beka phambili ukufuduka ngomthelela. Hambisa imisebenzi edala ukungqubuzana kwansuku zonke kuqala — ngokuvamile ama-invoyisi, ukuphathwa kweklayenti, nokuhlelwa. Lapho izisebenzi zithola ukuthuthuka kwekhwalithi yempilo ngokushesha ekuhambeni kwazo okusetshenziswa kakhulu, ukumelana nokufuduka okuqhubekayo kwehla kakhulu. Inkundla efana ne-Mewayz yenza le ndlela ibe lula ngoba ukwengeza imojuli entsha akudingi ukuhlolwa okuhlukile komthengisi, inqubo yokuthenga, noma iphrojekthi yokuhlanganisa. Uvele wenze imojuli isebenze futhi uyilungiselele ngaphakathi kwendawo ithimba lakho eseliyazi kakade.

I-Nostalgia Trap kanye Nekusasa Lesofthiwe Yebhizinisi

Kunento ebukekayo ngempela ngokubona i-Windows 95 iqalisa kuthebhu yesiphequluli. I-chime yokuqala, izithonjana eziyizicucu, isikhumbuzo senkathi elula yekhompyutha - ingena ku-nostalgia yangempela. Futhi i-nostalgia ingamandla anamandla ezinqumweni zobuchwepheshe bebhizinisi, ngisho nalapho abantu bengayiboni kanjalo. "Le yindlela esihlale sikwenza ngayo" imvamisa ukulangazelela ukugqoka isembozo sebhizinisi.

Ikusasa lesofthiwe yebhizinisi aliphathelene nokulondoloza okwedlule ku-amber - limayelana nokwenza imanje sibe ngcono kakhulu kangangokuthi ukunamathela kumathuluzi wefa kuba sobala ngokungenangqondo. Lapho inkundla ingakwazi ukwenza wonke amaklayenti akho agelezele ngokuzenzakalelayo, akhiqize imibiko yezezimali ngesikhathi sangempela, alawule amashejuli eqembu lakho kuzo zonke izindawo zesikhathi, futhi asingathe ukuthobela iholo elikhokhelwayo kuzo zonke izindawo - konke lokhu ngokungena ngemvume okukodwa - ukungqubuzana kokugcina uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Windows eyifa kuba nzima kakhulu ukusekela.

Ukulingisa okususelwe esipheqululini kuyimpumelelo ekhaliphile yobuchwepheshe kanye nethuluzi eliwusizo ngempela lokulondoloza isofthiwe, ukuhlola, nokufinyelela kwesikhashana. Kodwa kumabhizinisi asaqhuba imisebenzi ebalulekile kusofthiwe yefa, umbuzo wangempela awukona ukuthi "ngingalugcina kanjani lolu hlelo oludala lusebenza?" Kungukuthi "yini engilahlekelwayo nsuku zonke ngokungashintshi?" Impendulo, kumabhizinisi amaningi, ingaphezu kwalokho abakucabangayo - futhi izindleko zezinye izindlela zesimanje zincane kakhulu kunalokho abakwesabayo.

Ukwenza Ukugxuma Ngaphandle Kwengozi

Inhlanganisela yokulingisa isiphequluli njengenethi yokuphepha nezinkundla ezihlanganisiwe zesimanje njengendawo okuyiwa kuzo kunikeza amabhizinisi into angakaze abe nayo ngaphambilini: indlela yokufuduka enengcuphe ephansi ngempela. Akumele uthembele ukuthi isistimu entsha izosebenza ngaphambi kokuthi uyizame. Akumele ushise amabhuloho ngamathuluzi akho efa ngaphambi kokuthi uqiniseke ngokushintshwa. Futhi ngezinkundla ezihlinzeka ngezigaba zamahhala - I-Mewayz isebenzela phezu abasebenzisi abangu-138,000 ohlelweni lwayo lwamahhala lulodwa - ungahlola uhlelo olusha ngokugeleza komsebenzi kwangempela ngaphambi kokuba wenze idola.

Amabhizinisi achumayo kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo ngeke kube yilawo athole izindlela ezihlakaniphile zokugcina isofthiwe yeminyaka engu-20 iphila. Kuzoba yibo ababone ukuthi amathuluzi ayizolo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ethokomele kangakanani, abebabambe buthule - futhi abenze ushintsho ngesikhathi sisekhona sokukwenza ngokwemigomo yabo, kunokuba baphoqwe kukho ngokwephulwa kwezokuphepha, ukwehluleka ukuthobela imithetho, noma imbangi ehambe ngokushesha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Iyini i-RetroTick futhi isebenza kanjani i-Windows EXEs esipheqululini?

I-RetroTick isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokulingisa obusekelwe kusiphequluli ukuze isebenzise okusebenzisekayo kwe-Windows yakudala ngokuqondile kuziphequluli zewebhu zesimanje ngaphandle kokudinga ukufakwa kwe-Windows kwasendaweni. Ngokusebenzisa i-WebAssembly kanye nezendlalelo zokulingisa ze-x86, idala kabusha indawo yesikhathi sokusebenza ehambisanayo ngaphakathi kwethebhu yesiphequluli sakho. Le ndlela iqeda isidingo sokugcina i-hardware egugayo noma amasistimu okusebenza efa ayingozi ukuze kugcinwe isoftware yebhizinisi ebalulekile isebenza.

Ingabe kuphephile ukusebenzisa isofthiwe ye-Windows yefa esipheqululini?

Ukusebenzisa isofthiwe yefa endaweni yesiphequluli esine-sandbox kuphephe kakhulu kunokugcina imishini ye-Windows ephelelwe yisikhathi kunethiwekhi yakho. I-sandbox yesiphequluli ihlukanisa uhlelo lokusebenza olulingisiwe kusistimu yakho yangempela, inciphisa izindawo zokuhlasela. Kumabhizinisi aphethe ukuvikeleka okubanzi kokusebenza, izinkundla ezifana Mewayz zinikeza i-OS yebhizinisi lamamojula angu-207 eqala ku-$19/mo esiza ukuhlanganisa nokwenza konke ukuhamba kwakho komsebenzi kube okwakamuva.

Iziphi izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza zefa ezisebenza kangcono ngokulingisa okusekelwe kusiphequluli?

Ukulingisa okusekelwe kusiphequluli kusebenza kahle kakhulu ngezinhlelo zokusebenza ze-Win32 ezingasindi njengamathuluzi okubalwa kwezimali, abaphathi be-inventory, ama-frontend esizindalwazi sangokwezifiso, nezinhlelo ze-CRM zefa. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinezidingo ezincane ze-GPU nokusebenzisana okuqondile kwe-UI kuvame ukusebenza ngokwethembeka. Kodwa-ke, isofthiwe esebenza kakhulu njengezinhlelo ze-CAD noma amasistimu amakhulu e-ERP angase abe nemikhawulo yokusebenza ngenxa yokweqisa kokulingisa kwe-x86 ngaphakathi kwendawo yesiphequluli.

Ingabe amathuluzi efa asekelwe kusiphequluli angangena esikhundleni sokufuduka kwesofthiwe yebhizinisi egcwele?

Ukulingisa isiphequluli kuwukumisa okuhle kakhulu kodwa akuvamile ukumiselela unomphela ukufuduka okufanele. Ithenga isikhathi esibucayi ngenkathi udlulela ezinkundleni zesimanje. Emabhizinisini alungele ukwenza isimanjemanje ngokugcwele, i-Mewayz ihlinzeka nge-OS yebhizinisi ebanzi enamamojula ahlanganisiwe angu-207 ahlanganisa i-CRM, ama-invoyisi, ukuphathwa kwephrojekthi, kanye nokuzenzakalela - esusa isidingo sokuhlanganisa amathuluzi amaningi wefa kanye nokugeleza komsebenzi okuyizicucu kuyo yonke inhlangano yakho.