Umsebenzi wandulela ukufota okudumileyo kwekhephu likaWilson Bentley ngeminyaka engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu kwaye kwanokulindela iziphumo ezithi kamva ziqinisekiswe ngabachwephesha bekristale baseNtshona. Ime njengobungqina bokuba iinkqubo ezingqongqo zokucinga zinokuvela kulo naluphi na uqeqesho, nayiphi na inkcubeko, kunye naliphi na ixesha.

Iziqhuba Njani iPattern Recognition IziGqibo eziNgcono zeShishini?

Ingqondo kaToshitsura yayingekho nje ukujonga - yayiyicategorization. Wabona ukuba amahlwantsi ekhephu, ngelixa awodwa, alandela iipateni ezichongiweyo zesakhiwo. Lo ngumgaqo kanye osemva kokusebenza kweshishini okusebenzayo: ukuqonda iipateni eziqhubekayo phakathi kwesiphithiphithi esibonakalayo.

• Inkqubo yokwenza imephu: Kanye njengokuba i-Toshitsura ihlelwe yikristale izakhiwo, amashishini axhamla kwiimephu zokuhamba komsebenzi ukuchonga imiqobo ephindaphindiweyo kunye nokungasebenzi.
• I-taxonomy yedatha: Ukulungelelanisa idatha yabathengi, iintlobo zeprojekthi, kunye nengeniso yengeniso kwiindidi ezicacileyo zenza ukuba kwenziwe izigqibo ngokukhawuleza kunye noqikelelo oluchanekileyo.
• Iinkqubo zetemplate: Ukuqaphela ukuba i-80% yemisebenzi ilandela iifomathi ezinokuqikelelwa ivumela amaqela ukuba akhe itemplates ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe - ukunciphisa umthwalo wokuqonda kunye nokukhawulezisa ukwenziwa.
• Ukubhaqwa okungaqhelekanga: Xa uqonda ipateni, ukunxaxha kubonakala ngokukhawuleza. Oku kusebenza ngokulinganayo kuhlelo lwekristale yekhephu kunye nengxelo yezemali.
• Iingcinga ezinqamlezileyo: I-Toshitsura idibanise ubugcisa, isayensi, kunye nolawulo. Ngokufanayo, amashishini aphula ii-silos zesebe afumanisa iipateni ezingabonakaliyo kumaqela azimeleyo.

"Ikhephu ngalinye lekhephu lilandela umthetho ofanayo we-hexagonal, kodwa akukho mibini ifanayo. Uqeqesho alukho ekunyanzeliseni ukufana - kukwiinkqubo zokwakha eziguquguqukayo ngokwaneleyo ukuhlonipha zombini iipateni kunye nokwahluka." — Umgaqo ubonakaliswe kwindlela yokwenza kaDoi Toshitsura

Kutheni uxwebhu olucwangcisiweyo lusebalulekile kwiXesha leDijithali?

Toshitsura uchithe iminyaka ebhala into enyibilikayo ngemizuzwana. Oko kuzibophelela ekugcineni ulwazi oludlulayo kubonakalisa umngeni kuwo onke amashishini akhulayo ajongene nawo: ulwazi lweziko luyaphela xa luhlala ezintloko zabantu kuphela.

Ii-SOP, oovimba beprojekthi, iimbali zabaxhamli, kunye nezigqibo ezigciniweyo zisebenza injongo enye neSekka Zusetsu — zibamba into ebinokuphela. Iinkampani ezityala imali kwiziseko ezingundoqo zamaxwebhu azigcini nje ngokugcina ulwazi; bayayidibanisa. Inkqubo nganye ebhaliweyo iba sisiseko sophuculo olulandelayo, kanye njengokuba ikhephu ngalinye eliboniswe kwincwadi kaToshitsura liye lenza nzulu ukuqonda ngokubanzi kokubunjwa kwekristale.

Iinkqubo zangoku zeshishini zenza olu xwebhu lube lula ngokulufakela ngokuthe ngqo kumsebenzi wemihla ngemihla — ukuguqula izenzo zesiqhelo zibe yinkumbulo enokusetyenzwa yombutho.

ISifundo Sekhephu seNkulungwane ye-19 singasifundisa ntoni malunga nokuNyulwa kweMisebenzi?

I-Toshitsura iqale ngeflake elinye kunye ne-microscope. Wagqiba ngetaxonomy ebanzi eyaphembelela isayensi yendalo yaseJapan kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Umgaqo wokulinganisa apha uyafundisa: qala ngenkqubo enye, uyibhale ngokucokisekileyo, wandule ukwandisa ngocwangco.

Amashishini azama ukucwangcisa yonke into ngaxeshanye asoloko esilela. Ezo ziqala ngesebe elinye, ukuhamba komsebenzi omnye, okanye uhambo lomthengi omnye - kwaye lugqibelele amaxwebhu ngaphambi kokwandisa - ukwakha iziseko zokusebenza ezibambe phantsi koxinzelelo. Le ndlela yemodyuli yokukhula iphinda kwa kwasekwa amahlwantsi ekhephu ngokwawo: imithetho elula kumgangatho wemolekyuli ivelisa ukuntsokotha okungaqhelekanga kwisikali.

Iqonga elineemodyuli ezihlanganisiweyo ezingama-207 ziqonda lo mgaqo ngokusondeleyo. Imodyuli nganye isombulula ingxaki enye ngokucocekileyo. Kunye, benza inkqubo epheleleyo yokusebenza - eyakhiwe kodwa iguquguquka, njengeletisi enehexagonal ephantsi kwayo yonke ikristale yekhephu efundwa nguToshitsura.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Yintoni kanye kanye iSekka Zusetsu kwaye kutheni ibalulekile ngokwembali?

Sekka Zusetsu (雪華図説), okuthetha ukuthi "Ingxoxo eBonelekileyo yeeNtyantyambo zekhephu," yimpapasho yenzululwazi yaseJapan esuka ngo-1832 nguDoi Toshitsura. Iqulethe imifanekiso eneenkcukacha ye-woodblock eprintiweyo yeentlobo zekristale zekhephu ezingama-86, nto leyo eyenza ibe yenye yezona zifundo zokuqala zicwangcisiweyo zehlabathi ze-snowflake morphology. Ukubaluleka kwayo kulele kwindlela yayo yokuhlela ngokwemethodical, eyathi yandulela uphando lwekhephu laseNtshona kumashumi eminyaka kwaye yabonisa ukuba uqwalaselo olungqongqo lwezenzululwazi lwalukhula ngexesha le-Edo-Japan nangona ilizwe lalilikheswa.

Uwabone njani amahlwantsi ekhephu u-Doi Toshitsura ngaphandle kobuchwepheshe bale mihla?

I-Toshitsura yasebenzisa i-microscope eyenziwe nge-Dutch - isixhobo esinqabileyo eJapan ngexesha le-Edo's sakoku (ilizwe elivaliweyo) umgaqo-nkqubo. Wayeqokelela amahlwantsi ekhephu kumalaphu amnyama okanye kwilacquerware ngexesha lobusika obubandayo baseKoga, emva koko azobe ngokukhawuleza izakhiwo zekristale ngaphambi kokuba zinyibilike. Waphinda le nkqubo kubusika obuninzi ukuze aqinisekise ukuqaphela kwakhe kunye nokucokisa inkqubo yakhe yokuhlela. Umthamo wakhe wokulandelela,Zoku Sekka Zusetsu(1840), wayandisa ikhathalogu ngakumbi ngemizobo yekristale eyi-97 eyongezelelweyo.

Amashishini angayisebenzisa njani imigaqo esemva kweSekka Zusetsu kwimisebenzi yawo?

Imigaqo engundoqo — uqwalaselo olucwangcisiweyo, ulwahlulo olucwangcisiweyo, amaxwebhu acokisekileyo, kunye nokwenziwa kwezigqibo okusekwe kwipatheni — iguqulela ngokuthe ngqo ekugqweseni kokusebenza. Amashishini anokwamkela le migaqo ngokuphumeza ukuhamba komsebenzi okucwangcisiweyo, ukwakha iinkqubo ezibanzi zamaxwebhu, ukusebenzisa ukuhlelwa kwedatha ukubona iintsingiselo, kunye nokukhetha izixhobo ezixhasa ukulinganiswa kweemodyuli. Olona lwazi luphambili kukuba neendawo ezintsonkothileyo, ezibonakala zinesiphithiphithi zityhila iipateni ezilawulekayo xa kujongwe nesakhelo esifanelekileyo.

Ngaba ukulungele ukuzisa ingcaciso ecwangcisiweyo efanayo ye-Doi Toshitsura efakwe kumahlwantsi ekhephu kwimisebenzi yakho yeshishini? Mewayzikunika iimodyuli ezidibeneyo ze-207 zokuhlela, uxwebhu, kunye nokwandisa ukuhamba komsebenzi ngamnye - ukusuka kwinkqubo enye ukuya kwintlangano yakho yonke. Joyina abasebenzisi abayi-138,000+ asele bakhe isiseko sabo sokusebenza.

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