Imbali emfutshane yocingo oluhlabayo lwenethiwekhi yocingo (2024)

Uthungelwano lwemfonomfono yocingo oluhlabayo yayiyeyona ndlela imangalisayo yonxibelelwano eyaphuhliswa ngamafama asemaphandleni aseMelika ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 kunye nasekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, abaphinda baphinda baphinda baphinda baphinda baphinda batshintsha iingcingo zocingo ezazisele zikho njengocingo ukuze baqhagamshele imizi ekwanti ngaphandle kweziseko ezingundoqo zeshishini. Esi sisombululo sikrelekrele se-DIY siguqule isixhobo sokwahlulwa komhlaba saba ngumgca wobomi bonxibelelwano lwabantu - kwaye ilifa laso liyaqhubeka nokukhuthaza ukusungulwa kweshishini lanamhlanje.

Zisebenze Njani IiNethiwekhi Zocingo Oluhlabayo Lokubiyela Ngeemfonomfono?

Ii-mechanics zazichaneke ngendlela emangalisayo. Abahlali basemaphandleni, ngakumbi ngaphaya kwamaThafa Amakhulu kunye neMidwest, bafumanisa ukuba ucingo oluhlabayo-esele lunwenwele kangangeekhilomitha kwiipropathi zabo - lunokuqhuba imiqondiso yombane ngokwaneleyo ukuba ithwale unxibelelwano lwelizwi. Ngokuqhoboshela isixhobo esilula sokuhambisa imfonomfono nesamkeli kwintambo yocingo nokumisa isiphaluka kumhlaba ngokwawo, amafama ayenokuthetha nabamelwane abamgama oziikhilomitha ezikude.

Isistim yayixhomekeke kwisekethi "yokubuyisela umhlaba": umsinga wombane uhamba indlela enye kucingo locingo uze ubuye udlula emhlabeni ongaphantsi. Iipali zocingo zisebenza njengezikhuseli zendalo kwiimeko ezomileyo, nangona imvula nokufuma kunokubangela uphazamiseko olukhulu. Uluntu luhlala luphuhlisa "imigca yeqela" engacwangciswanga, apho iifama ezininzi zabelana ngecandelo locingo olufanayo, zifuna abasebenzisi ukuba baphuhlise iikhowudi zabo zeringi - iiringi ezimbini ezimfutshane zabakwaJohnsons, ezintathu zeMillers - ukubonisa ukuba umnxeba ubucelwe kubani.

"Imfonomfono yocingo oluhlabayo ayakhiwanga ziinjineli kwigumbi lebhodi - yayakhiwe ngamafama ebaleni, ukusombulula ingxaki yokwenyani ngezixhobo esele benazo. Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha bekusoloko kujongeka ngolu hlobo: okusebenzayo, okunobuchule, nokuqhutywa luluntu."

Ziqale nini kwaye phi ezi Networks?

Imifuniselo yokuqala eshicilelweyo yocingo oluhlabayo iqalela ngeminyaka yoo-1880s kunye no-1890s, ingqamana phantse ncam nelungelo lomenzi lomnxeba lika-Alexander Graham Bell kunye nokwandiswa ngokukhawuleza kwentshona kwezolimo zaseMelika. Amathafa aseKansas naseNebraska abone eyona ndawo ixineneyo yokwamkelwa komntwana, apho iinkampani zemfonomfono ezisele zimiselwe zazinenkuthazo encinane kwezoqoqosho ekwandiseni iziseko zocingo zobhedu ezixabisa kakhulu kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni ezinabantu abambalwa.

Ngo-1900, amashumi amawaka eemayile eentambo zocingo zokubiyela zatyhutyha amaphandle aseMelika. Olunye uqikelelo lubonisa ukuba ngowe-1910, abemi abaninzi basemaphandleni baseMerika babeqhagamshelwe ngothungelwano lwemfonomfono olubiyelweyo kunangoonxibelelwano lwemfonomfono oluqhutywa ngorhwebo. Iinkqubo ezifanayo zavela ngokuzimeleyo eOstreliya, eKhanada nakwiindawo ezithile zaseYurophu, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba imfuneko yonxibelelwano lwasemaphandleni olufikelelekayo yayilucelomngeni olwalukho ehlabathini lonke ngelo xesha.

Ziziphi iiNzululwazi eziPhambili kunye nemida yobuChwepheshe?

Uthungelwano lwemfonomfono olubiyelweyo luphumelele ncakasana kuba lusombulule ingxaki yokwenene ngotyalo-mali lweziseko ezingundoqo. Iinzuzo bezininzi:

• Zero iindleko zeziseko zophuhliso: Abalimi bebesebenzisa ucingo olusele lukhona, ukuphelisa imfuneko yeepali zemfonomfono ezizinikeleyo okanye ukuthenga ngocingo lobhedu.
• Ubunini boluntu: Uthungelwano lugcinwe ngokudibeneyo ngamafama alusebenzisayo, kungekho ntlawulo yenyanga ehlawulwa kumaqumrhu akude.
• Izinto eziluncedo ezingxamisekileyo: Iifama ezikwanti zinokubiza uncedo ngexesha likaxakeka zonyango, imililo, okanye imozulu embi ngesantya ebesingenakucingelwa ngaphambili.
• Ubulumko beMakethi: Abalimi banokuthelekisa amaxabiso eenkozo, balungelelanise ukuthengiswa kwemfuyo, kwaye babelane ngeengxelo zemozulu ngexesha langempela, baphucule ngokuthe ngqo iziphumo zabo zoqoqosho.
• Unxibelelwano loluntu:Ukwahlukaniswa kwasemaphandleni - enye yezona zinto ziphazamisayo zobomi bomda - kwancitshiswa ngokunentsingiselo, ukuxhasa impilo yengqondo kunye nokubambisana koluntu.

Imida ibiyinyani ngokulinganayo. Ubulunga bomqondiso wehliswe kakhulu kumgama. Ukubetha kombane kubangele ingozi yokwenene kuye nabani na osebenzisa ifowuni ngexesha lezaqhwithi. Ulwakhiwo "lweqela leqela" luthetha ukuba ubumfihlo bebungekho, kwaye iingxabano ngesimilo sothungelwano zazixhaphakile. Ngeminyaka yoo-1920 kunye noo-1930, njengoko ookopolotyeni bomnxeba basemaphandleni abafumana inkxaso-mali babesanda, uninzi lothungelwano lwemfonomfono lwaluye lwayekwa ngokuthe ngcembe.

Kutheni iMbali yocingo oluNcinci oluLuhlu ibalulekile kwiShishini namhlanje?

Ibali lothungelwano lweefowuni zocingo ekugqibeleni libali malunga noosomashishini abanezakhono abangavumiyo ukulinda iinkqubo esele zisekiwe ukuba zibasebenzele. Olu luntu lwasemaphandleni alukhange lucele iinkampani zemfonomfono ngenkonzo engcono - bazenzele esabo isisombululo besebenzisa izixhobo ezikhoyo, emva koko basigcina kwaye basiphucula ngokuhlangeneyo kumashumi eminyaka.

Lo moya ubonisa indlela amashishini amancinci anamhlanje kunye noosomashishini abajongana neziseko zokusebenza. Ukulinda izixhobo ezibizayo, zeshishini kuphela ukuhla ukuya kumaqela amancinci akuseyomfuneko. Amaqonga afana neMewayz — inkqubo yokusebenza yeshishini yeemodyuli ezingama-207 esebenza ngaphezulu kwe-138,000 — iquka umgaqo ofanayo wedemokhrasi abo baqambi bocingo baqondwa ngokwethuku lemvelo: amandla anamandla kufuneka afikeleleke kuye wonke umntu, hayi nje amaziko amakhulu anohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olukhulu.

Kanye njengokuba uthungelwano lweefowuni zocingo lunike uluntu lwasemaphandleni izixhobo zokulungelelanisa abalingane babo basezidolophini, iMewayz inika amashishini amancinci kunye namaqela akhulayo ukufikelela kwi-CRM, ulawulo lweprojekthi, ukuthengisa okuzenzekelayo, urhwebo lwe-e-commerce, kunye neemodyuli ezininzi ezongezelelweyo zokusebenza - zonke ziphantsi kophahla olulodwa, ukuqala kwi-$ 19 / ngenyanga kuphela.

Njani uThungelwano lweFowuni lokuBiyela luye lwaguquka kwaye lwehla njani?

Ukuhla bekuhamba kancinci kunokuba kube ngequbuliso. Ulawulo loMbane waseMaphandleni (REA), olwasekwa ngo-1935, ngokungangqalanga lukhawulezise utshintsho ngokuxhasa ngemali ookopolotyeni bomnxeba obufanelekileyo kuwo wonke amaphandle aseMerika. Utyalo-mali lwe-Federal lwenze inkonzo yemfonomfono yomgangatho worhwebo yasebenza ngokwezoqoqosho kwiindawo ebezijongwa njengengenangeniso ngaphambili. Embindini wenkulungwane, uqhagamshelo lokugqibela lwemfonomfono ngocingo lwaluthatyathelw’ indawo ziinkqubo ezisemgangathweni zocingo lobhedu.

Kodwa oomasibambisane abathathe indawo yabo baphethe iDNA efanayo: ubunini boluntu, iziseko ezingundoqo ekwabelwana ngazo, kunye nolawulo lwedemokhrasi. UKopolotyeni woMbane waseMaphandleni owavela kweli xesha usasebenza nanamhla, ukhonza izigidi zamakhaya aseMelika - inzala ethe ngqo yeziko yokuziphatha kommelwane ukuya kummelwane ezo nethiwekhi zocingo oluhlabayo ziqulathwe.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo

Ingaba uthungelwano lwemfonomfono yocingo oluhlabayo lwalusemthethweni?

Kwiindawo ezininzi zolawulo bebesebenza kwindawo egrey esemthethweni. I-Bell Telephone yayiphethe amalungelo awodwa abenzi bobuchwephesha bomnxeba kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isoyikise inyathelo lomthetho, kodwa ubunzima bokunyanzeliswa kwamalungelo awodwa abenzi kumawakawaka eefama ezikude - kudityaniswe nokungabikho kwezinye iindlela zorhwebo - kuthetha ukuba abasebenzisi beefowuni zocingo bajongane nomngcipheko omncinci wokwenyani wezomthetho. Amazwe amaninzi ekugqibeleni awisa umthetho ovumela ngokusesikweni ukusetyenziswa kweefowuni zasemaphandleni.

Umqondiso unokuhamba umgama ongakanani kuthungelwano lwefowuni yocingo oluhlabayo?

Phantsi kwezona meko zomileyo, iimpawu zelizwi ezisebenzisekayo zinokuhamba iimayile ezili-10 ukuya kwezingama-20 kumgca wocingo. Ngokwesiqhelo, uninzi lothungelwano olusebenzayo luqhagamshele iifama ngaphakathi kwerediyasi yeemayile ezi-5-10 phambi kokuba uthomalaliso lweempawu zenze unxibelelwano lungasebenzi. Izixhobo ezixhasayo kunye nezitishi zokuhanjiswa kweereyiti zinokulwandisa olu luhlu, nangona ezi zifuna ulwazi olongezelelweyo lobugcisa uninzi lwamafama lungenalo.

Ingaba nabuphi na ubuchwephesha bale mihla bufumene impembelelo ethe ngqo kuthungelwano lwemfonomfono yocingo?

Ababhali-mbali bobuchwepheshe bonxibelelwano bakhomba ukubiyela uthungelwano lwemfonomfono njengobungqina bokuqala bonxibelelwano lombane (PLC) ubuchwepheshe, obuthumela imiqondiso yedatha ngeziseko zombane ezikhoyo endaweni yeentambo zedatha ezinikezelweyo. Iitekhnoloji zala maxesha ze-intanethi-over-powerline ezisetyenziswa kuthungelwano lwasekhaya zabelana ngengqiqo yesiseko efanayo: amaziko akhoyo asele ekhona anokuphatha ulwazi olungaphezulu kunelo belucetyiwe ngabayili balo bokuqala.

Imfonomfono yocingo oluhlabayo sisikhumbuzo sokuba ezona nguqulelo zinempembelelo kaninzi zezona zenza izixhobo ezinamandla zifikeleleke ngakumbi. Ukuba ulungele ukuzisa kwaloo moya mnye wobuchule kwimisebenzi yeshishini lakho, qalisa uhambo lwakho lwe-Mewayz namhlanje ku-app.mewayz.com — Iimodyuli ezingama-207, iqonga elinye, elakhelwe indlela amashishini okwenene asebenza ngayo.