Guverinoma irashobora gukuramo televiziyo ku kirere kubera amakuru yayo? Ibitekerezo bya Trump bitera kwibaza
Iterabwoba riherutse guterwa na Trump hamwe n’umuyobozi wa FCC, Brendan Carr, ryongeye kubyutsa impaka zimaze igihe zerekeranye n’uburyo abashinzwe ingufu bafite mu mashyirahamwe y’amakuru ya TV. Mu mpera z'icyumweru gishize, ubuyobozi bwa Trump bwateye ubwoba impushya zo gutangaza amashyirahamwe y'amakuru avuga ko atangaza akarengane cyangwa ...
Mewayz Team
Editorial Team
Guverinoma irashobora gukuramo televiziyo mu kirere hejuru yamakuru yayo? Ibitekerezo bya Trump bitera kwibaza
Mw'ijambo aherutse, uwahoze ari Perezida Donald Trump, yavuze ko ubuyobozi bw'ejo hazaza bushobora kuba nta kundi byagenda uretse gukuramo impushya zo gutangaza imiyoboro ya "disinformation", avuga cyane cyane NBC. Iri jambo, ryaba rifatwa nk’amagambo ya politiki cyangwa igitekerezo gikomeye cya politiki, ryateje akajagari binyuze mu bitangazamakuru ndetse n’inzego zemewe n’amategeko, byongera kubyutsa impaka zishingiye: ni izihe mbaraga z’ubutegetsi bwa leta ku bitangazamakuru byamamaza muri Amerika?
Urwego rwemewe n'amategeko: Uruhushya rwo gutangaza amakuru, ntabwo ari uruhushya rwo kugenzura
Amateleviziyo na radiyo byerekana muri Amerika bikorera kumurongo rusange, bifatwa nkumutungo rusange wuzuye. Kubera iyo mpamvu, babiherewe uruhushya na komisiyo ishinzwe itumanaho (FCC), ikigo cya leta cyigenga. Inshingano za FCC zirimo kwemeza ko impushya zikorera "inyungu rusange, ibyoroshye, nibikenewe." Mu mateka, ibi birimo amategeko yerekeye amahano, amahano, hamwe na tekiniki. Icy'ingenzi ariko, ni uko Ivugurura rya mbere n’Itegeko ry’itumanaho bibuza rwose FCC kugenzura ibirimo gutambuka cyangwa kwivanga mu byemezo by’abanyamakuru.
Inzitizi yemewe yo gukuraho uruhushya hejuru yamakuru ni hejuru cyane. Sitasiyo igomba kwerekana uburyo buhoraho bwo kubeshya nkana kubushake bubi, igipimo gisa nkidashoboka kubahiriza kandi kitigeze gikoreshwa mugukurura uruhushya runini. Ikigeragezo icyo ari cyo cyose kubikora kubwimpamvu za politiki zeruye byahura nibibazo byihutirwa byemewe n'amategeko kubera itegeko nshinga.
Amateka yabanjirije amateka: Inyigisho y'Ubutabera no Kurimbuka kwayo
Nubwo bibujijwe kugenzura mu buryo butaziguye, guverinoma yagiye igira uruhare mu gutangaza amakuru binyuze muri politiki. Urugero ruzwi cyane ni Inyigisho y'Uburinganire , yatangijwe mu 1949. Byasabye abanyamakuru kwerekana ibibazo bitavugwaho rumwe bifitiye akamaro rubanda muburyo FCC yabonaga ko ari inyangamugayo, iringaniza, kandi iringaniye. Iyo nyigisho ntabwo yari iyo gukurura impushya ahubwo yari iyerekeranye no kuyitondekanya kurwego runaka rwibikorwa rusange.
>Ndetse ubu buryo bwo gukorakora bworoheje bwakuweho ku butegetsi bwa Perezida Reagan, inkiko na FCC ubwayo yanzura ko yarenze ku Ivugurura rya mbere mu gutuza ijambo ryigenga. Kubyutsa uburyo ubwo aribwo bwose busa, tutibagiwe n’iterabwoba ryo kwamburwa uruhushya, byerekana ihinduka rikomeye ry’imyaka mirongo yakemuwe n'amategeko.
Akajagari gakorwa k'iterabwoba ryo guhagarika
Kurenga kubijyanye namategeko, kugwa mubikorwa byigikorwa nkibi byaba ari byinshi. Reba ubucuruzi bukomeye nibikorwa biterwa numuyoboro munini:
- Kwamamaza urusobe rw'ibinyabuzima: Amamiliyaridi yinjira mu iyamamaza yahita ahungabana, bikagira ingaruka ku bigo n'ibirango mu gihugu hose.
- Akazi & Ibikoresho: Abakozi ibihumbi icumi, uhereye ku banyamakuru kugeza kuri ba injeniyeri, hamwe n’ibikorwa remezo binini bya sitidiyo na transmitter, byajugunywa mu kajagari.
- Ihuriro ryabafatanyabikorwa: Sitasiyo zishamikiyeho, serivisi zitanga amakuru, hamwe n’amasezerano mpuzamahanga yo gukwirakwiza byahura n’ikibazo cyo kutubahiriza amasezerano.
Gucunga uru rwego rwibikorwa bigoye hamwe ningaruka bisaba sisitemu ikomeye. Mwisi yisi yose, urubuga nka Mewayz rufasha ubucuruzi gutegura module zabo - kuva HR kugeza kubahiriza ubuyobozi bwabacuruzi - muri sisitemu imwe ikora. Ku gihangange cy'itangazamakuru, igenzura nk'iryo ni ngombwa mu guhangana, nubwo nta software ishobora kugabanya iterabwoba rihari.
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Akaga gakomeye cyane kamagambo nkaya ntashobora kuba guhagarika bisanzwe, ahubwo ni ingaruka zo gukonjesha . Iterabwoba gusa ryo kwamburwa uruhushya rishobora guhatira imiyoboro koroshya raporo zinengwa cyangwa guhindura amakuru kugirango hirindwe leta. Ibi bigabanya uruhare rw'itangazamakuru nk'igenzura ry'ubutegetsi, umusingi wa sosiyete ishingiye kuri demokarasi.
Byongeye kandi, ibitangazamakuru byiki gihe bigaragaza imbaraga ziterabwoba. Mugihe cyumugozi, icyogajuru, nogutemba, imbaraga zuruhushya gakondo rwo gutangaza ziragabanuka. Ibiri muri NBC byakomeza kubaho binyuze kuri Peacock, imiyoboro yamakuru ya kabili, hamwe nu mbuga za interineti. Igikorwa cyaba ari ikigereranyo kuruta gukora, ariko ikimenyetso cyacyo - guverinoma igerageza gucecekesha ijwi runaka - byangiza cyane.
Ubwanyuma, mugihe inzitizi zemewe n amategeko zikora zituma ihagarikwa ryinshi ryamakuru adashoboka cyane, ikibazo ubwacyo nikizamini gihangayikishije amahame ya demokarasi. Ihatira kwemeza imipaka iri hagati ya guverinoma n’itangazamakuru ryigenga. Mu bucuruzi cyangwa mu miyoborere, kumvikanisha amategeko no gutandukanya imikorere-cyane nkuburyo butandukanye, bwahujwe muri Mewayz OS - nibyo birinda kunanirwa na sisitemu y’ibiza no kurinda ubusugire bwibikorwa byose.
Ibibazo bikunze kubazwa
Urwego rwemewe n'amategeko: Uruhushya rwo gutangaza amakuru, ntabwo ari uruhushya rwo kugenzura
Amateleviziyo na radiyo byerekana muri Amerika bikorera kumurongo rusange, bifatwa nkumutungo rusange wuzuye. Kubera iyo mpamvu, babiherewe uruhushya na komisiyo ishinzwe itumanaho (FCC), ikigo cya leta cyigenga. Inshingano za FCC zirimo kwemeza ko impushya zikorera "inyungu rusange, ibyoroshye, nibikenewe." Mu mateka, ibi birimo amategeko yerekeye amahano, amahano, hamwe na tekiniki. Icy'ingenzi ariko, ni uko Ivugurura rya mbere n’Itegeko ry’itumanaho bibuza rwose FCC kugenzura ibirimo gutambuka cyangwa kwivanga mu byemezo by’abanyamakuru.
Amateka yabanjirije amateka: Inyigisho y'Ubutabera no Kurimbuka kwayo
Nubwo bibujijwe kugenzura mu buryo butaziguye, guverinoma yagiye igira uruhare mu gutangaza amakuru binyuze muri politiki. Urugero ruzwi cyane ni Inyigisho y'Uburinganire, yatangijwe mu 1949. Byasabye abanyamakuru kwerekana ibibazo bitavugwaho rumwe bifitiye akamaro rubanda mu buryo FCC yabonaga ko ari inyangamugayo, iringaniza, kandi ishyize mu gaciro. Iyo nyigisho ntabwo yari iyo gukurura impushya ahubwo yari iyerekeranye no kuyitondekanya kurwego runaka rwibikorwa rusange.
Akajagari gakorwa k'iterabwoba ryo guhagarika
Kurenga kubijyanye namategeko, kugwa mubikorwa byigikorwa nkibi byaba ari byinshi. Reba ubucuruzi bukomeye nibikorwa biterwa numuyoboro munini:
Ingaruka Zikonje nukuri kwa Digital
Akaga gakomeye cyane kamagambo nkaya ntashobora kuba guhagarika bisanzwe, ahubwo ni ingaruka zikonje. Iterabwoba gusa ryo kwamburwa uruhushya rishobora guhatira imiyoboro koroshya raporo zinengwa cyangwa guhindura amakuru kugirango hirindwe leta. Ibi bigabanya uruhare rw'itangazamakuru nk'igenzura ry'ubutegetsi, umusingi wa sosiyete ishingiye kuri demokarasi.
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