Karin Shanu, Karin Mata
Sharhi
Mewayz Team
Editorial Team
Tsohon Ilimin Tattalin Arziki na "Ƙarin Shanu, Ƙarin Mata" - Da Abin da Ya Koyawa 'Yan Kasuwa na Zamani Game da Scaling
A cikin al'ummomin makiyaya na Gabashin Afirka - a tsakanin Maasai na Kenya, Dinka na Sudan ta Kudu, da Fulanin Afirka ta Yamma - ba a taba auna dukiya ta hanyar ma'auni na banki ko hannun jari ba. Ana auna shi da shanu. Shanu suna wakiltar kuɗi, matsayi na zamantakewa, inshora, kuma mafi mahimmanci, ikon biyan farashin amarya - musayar dabbobi na al'ada daga dangin ango zuwa dangin amarya don tsara aure. Ma'auni yana da sauƙi mai sauƙi: ƙarin shanu, ƙarin mata. Ƙarin mata, ƙarin yara. Ƙarin yara, ƙarin hannaye don kula da garken. Yawan garken shanu, da dukiya. Hanya ce mai ƙarfafa kai wanda ya ci gaba da ci gaba da wayewa har tsawon shekaru millennia. Kuma binne shi a cikin wannan tsohon tsarin wata ka’ida ce da kowane mai kasuwanci na zamani ya kamata ya fahimta –kyauta na haifar da sarkakiya, da sarkakiya na bukatar gudanarwa.Shanu a matsayin Kuɗi: Kalubalen Gudanar da Kari na Asali
Ga wani dattijon Maasai mai kula da shanu 500 a fadin wuraren kiwo na lokaci-lokaci, kalubalen aiki yana kama da wanda ke fuskantar Shugaba na zamani. Wadanne makiyaya ne suka kare? Wadanne dabbobi ne shekarun haihuwa? Wadanne maruƙa ne ke buƙatar rigakafi? Wadanne al'ummomin makwabta ne abokan ciniki, kuma wadanne ne masu fafatawa don samun ruwa? Makiyayi mai shanu 20 na iya ajiye wannan bayanin a kansa. Makiyaya mai 2,000 ba zai iya ba. Wannan shi ne ainihin ma'anar girma a cikin kowane tsari - ilimin halitta, tattalin arziki, ko dijital. Nasarar da ke haifar da yalwa kuma tana haifar da nauyin gudanarwa wanda idan ba a magance shi ba, ya rushe tsarin. Masana ilmin dan Adam da ke nazarin al'ummar Dinka na Sudan ta Kudu, sun rubuta yadda attajirai masu arziki a tarihi suka samar da nagartaccen tsarin tawaga, inda suka nada amintattun 'yan uwa da za su kula da garken tauraron dan Adam ta nesa mai nisa. Sun ƙirƙiro ne, bisa tsantsar larura, manufar gudanarwa ta tsakiya. Kwatankwacin kasuwancin zamani ya kusan tsafta. Mai zaman kansa mai zaman kansa yana juggling abokan ciniki biyar na iya amfani da maƙunsar rubutu da ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. Hukumar da ke da girma tare da abokan ciniki 50, membobin ƙungiyar 12, da masu maimaitawa a cikin kuɗaɗe uku suna buƙatar abubuwan more rayuwa - ko kuma ta nutse cikin nasararta.Tattalin Arzikin Farashin Amarya: Fahimtar Ma'amalar Ma'amala
Tattaunawar farashin amarya a cikin tattalin arzikin tushen shanu ba ciniki bane mai sauƙi. Daga cikin Karamojong na Uganda, tsari na yau da kullun zai iya haɗa da shanu 50 zuwa 200, da awaki, ƙarin kuɗi, da wajibai masu gudana waɗanda suka wuce shekaru da yawa bayan bikin aure. Iyalan angon dole ne su bi diddigin gudunmawar dangi na dangi - kowannensu yana fatan ramawa lokacin da 'ya'yansu maza suka yi aure. Iyalan amarya dole ne su raba shanun da aka karba a tsakanin danginsu bisa ga al'ada. Abin da ke fitowa shine hadadden gidan yanar gizo na asusun da ake karba, ana biyan asusu, gudanar da dangantaka, da wajibcin kwangila na dogon lokaci - duk ana gudanar da su ba tare da rubutaccen littafi guda na mafi yawan tarihi ba. Nauyin fahimta yana da girma. Dattawan da suka gudanar da waɗannan hanyoyin sadarwa yadda ya kamata, sun kasance, a zahiri, suna gudanar da ayyukan kuɗi na masu ruwa da tsaki da yawa ba tare da komai ba sai ƙwaƙwalwa da amincewar zamantakewa."Kowace daular shanu ce a kan Serengeti ko kuma farawar SaaS a San Francisco - ta faɗo bango ɗaya: wurin da ƙwaƙwalwar ɗan adam da tsarin yau da kullun ba za su iya ɗaukar nauyin haɗaɗɗiyar aiki ba. Abin da ke raba waɗanda ke da ma'auni daga waɗanda ke tsayawa shine shirye-shiryen ɗaukar tsarin kafin rikicin ya tilasta hannunsu."
Hanyoyin Girma: Abin da makiyaya da 'yan kasuwa ke da shi
Zagayowar “yawan shanu, ƙarin mata” misali ne na littafin karatu nahaɗaɗɗen madauki mai girma. Arziki yana haifar da jarin zamantakewa, jarin zamantakewa yana ba da damar samun albarkatu (aure da ke kawo aiki, haɗin gwiwa, da samun ƙasa), kuma waɗannan albarkatun suna samar da ƙarin arziki. Silicon Valley ya kira wannan a matsayin "flywheel." Jeff Bezos ya zana sigar Amazon akan rigar rigar. Amma Fulani makiyayan yankin Sahel sun shafe shekaru aru-aru suna gudanar da wannan littafin wasan kwaikwayo ba tare da tudun mun tsira ba.
’Yan kasuwa na zamani suna samun kuzari iri ɗaya. Samfurin nasara yana jawo abokan ciniki. Abokan ciniki suna samar da kudaden shiga. Ma'aikata na kudaden shiga. Hayar yana ba da damar samfuran mafi kyau. Mafi kyawun samfuran suna jan hankalin abokan ciniki. Madauki yana haɓaka - har sai ba ta yi ba. Domin kowane madauki na girma ya ƙunshi ɓoyayyiyar ƙuntatawa:Layin gudanarwa. Ga makiyaya, wannan takura shine ikon sa ido a zahiri da kuma kare tarwatsa garken. Ga 'yan kasuwa, ikon bin diddigin ayyuka, kuɗi, mutane, da dangantakar abokan ciniki yayin da suke haɓaka. Bincike daga Harvard Business Review ya nuna akai-akai cewa lokaci mafi haɗari ga kowane kasuwanci shine sauyi daga ma'aikata 10 zuwa 50 - ainihin matakin da sadarwa ta yau da kullum ta rushe kuma tsarin tsarin ya zama mahimmanci. Kusan kashi 70 cikin 100 na kasuwancin da suka gaza a lokacin da ake yin kisa, suna kawo rudani a cikin aiki, ba rashin buƙata ba, a matsayin dalilin farko.Matsalolin Matsakaicin Matsala guda biyar na Sikeli (Tsohon da Na zamani)
Ko kuna sarrafa garken da ke girma ko kamfani mai girma, ƙima yana haifar da matsi a wuraren da ake iya faɗi. Fahimtar waɗannan wuraren matsin lamba shine bambanci tsakanin ci gaba mai dorewa da haɓaka hargitsi.- Binciken kadari: Dole ne makiyayi Dinka ya san lafiyar kowace dabba, zuriyarta, da wurinta. Dole ne mai kasuwanci ya san matsayin kowane abokin ciniki, kowane yanayin biyan daftari, da ci gaban kowane aiki. Lokacin da waɗannan bayanan suka zamewa cikin tsaga, ƙima ta ɓace cikin shiru.
- Gudanar da Jama'a: Ƙarin matan aure a cikin mahallin makiyaya yana nufin sarrafa gidaje mai sarƙaƙƙiya tare da rukunin iyali da yawa, jadawalin lokaci, da rabon albarkatu. A cikin kasuwanci, ƙarin ma'aikata suna nufin biyan albashi, biyan kuɗi na HR, bin diddigin ayyuka, da haɗin gwiwar ƙungiyoyi a cikin sassan.
- Gudun Kuɗi: wajibcin farashin amarya suna haifar da ruɗaɗɗen yanar gizo na wanda ke bin abin ga wane da kuma lokacin. Kudaden kasuwanci sun haɗa da abubuwan da za a iya biya, biyan kuɗi, biyan kuɗi, haraji, da tsinkayen tsabar kuɗi - duk waɗanda ba za a iya sarrafa su a cikin maƙunsar bayanai da suka wuce wani ma'auni.
- Ƙungiyoyin Dangantaka: Dukiyar makiyaya ta dogara ne da haɗin kai da al'ummomin da ke makwabtaka da su don haƙƙin kiwo, samun ruwa, da kare juna. Ci gaban kasuwanci ya dogara da alaƙar abokin ciniki, haɗin gwiwar masu siyarwa, da hanyoyin sadarwa - CRM ɗinku ya zama kayan aikin ku na rayuwa. Nasara da Ci gaba:
Daga Al'adar Baka zuwa Tsarin Aiki
Ga mafi yawan tarihi, al'ummomin makiyaya sun gudanar da ban mamaki ta hanyar al'adar baka, ƙwaƙwalwar al'umma, da tilasta zamantakewa. Dattawa sun yi aiki azaman rumbun adana bayanai masu rai. An warware takaddama ta hanyar majalisun da ke aiki a matsayin kotuna da kwamitocin bincike. Ya yi aiki - har sai da yawan jama'a ya karu, ƙaura ya tsawaita, kuma yawan adadin bayanai ya wuce abin da ƙwaƙwalwar jama'a za ta iya ɗauka.💡 DID YOU KNOW?
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Mafi zurfin fahimta daga tattalin arzikin da ya dogara da shanu shi ne: Tsarin gudanar da mulki bai bambanta da dukiya ba - yana daga cikin arziki. Ƙwarewar asali ce ke sa garken daraja. Idan ba tare da wannan ilimin ba, shanu 1,000 sun zama abin alhaki - cinye albarkatu, yawo cikin haɗari, da kiwo ba tare da dabara ba.
Haka abin yake a cikin kasuwanci. CRM ɗin ku, ayyukan gudanar da ayyukan ku, sarrafa kuɗin ku ta atomatik, ayyukan ku na HR - waɗannan ba farashi ba ne a saman kasuwancin ku na "ainihin". Su su ne kasuwancin. Hukumar tallace-tallace tare da abokan ciniki 100 kuma babu CRM ba hukuma ba - tarin dangantaka ne a hankali yana lalacewa ta hanyar sakaci. Kamfanin tuntuɓar ma'aikata 30 kuma babu tsarin biyan albashi ba kamfani ba ne - shari'a ce mai jiran faruwa. ’Yan kasuwan da suka fara shigar da wannan darasi da wuri-waɗanda suke saka hannun jari wajen samar da ababen more rayuwa a baya kafin rikicin maimakon bayan- su ne ke gina masana’antu da ke haɗe-haɗe kamar garken da aka sarrafa da kyau. Su ne waɗanda ke juya tsohuwar ƙafar ƙafar ƙafa: ƙarin ƙarfin yana haifar da ƙarin abokan ciniki, ƙarin abokan ciniki suna haifar da ƙarin kudaden shiga, ƙarin kudaden shiga yana haifar da ƙarin ƙarfi. Madauki yana jujjuya sauri saboda tsarin gudanarwa yana riƙe.Gina Garkenku na Zamani
Ka'idar "yawan shanu, yawan mata" za ta mamaye wasu masu karatu na zamani a matsayin tsoho, watakila ba ta da dadi. Kuma tabbas, yanayin yanayin jinsi na al'adun farashin amarya sun cancanci nasu bincike mai mahimmanci. Amma mahangar tattalin arzikia ƙarƙashin al'adar al'ada ba ta da lokaci kuma ta duniya: haɓaka haɓaka lokacin da ake sarrafa kadarorin da kyau, kuma yana rushewa lokacin da ba haka ba.
Idan kuna gudanar da kasuwanci a yau - ko mutum 3 ne ko kuma aiki na mutum 300 - ku tambayi kanku tambayar da kowane makiyayi mai nasara ya yi ta shekaru dubbai: Shin ina da tsarin sarrafa abin da nake da shi, da abubuwan more rayuwa don sarrafa abin da nake so?
- Shin za ku iya ganin kowace dangantakar abokin ciniki, matsayinta, da gudummawar kuɗin shiga a ra'ayi ɗaya?
- Za ku iya samar da daftari, bibiyar biyansa, kuma ku daidaita shi da littattafanku ba tare da canza tsakanin kayan aiki guda huɗu daban-daban ba?
- Shin sabon memba na ƙungiyar zai iya shiga cikin kansa ta hanyar bin takaddun tsari, ko komai yana rayuwa a kan wani?
- Idan kasuwancin ku ya ninka girma gobe, ayyukanku za su ci gaba - ko kuwa?
Waɗannan ba tambayoyi ba ne na hasashe. Waɗannan su ne gwaje-gwajen damuwa na aiki waɗanda ke raba kasuwancin da ke daidaita da kasuwancin da ke tsayawa. Maasai sun gina dauloli a kan ciyayi da ba komai sai shanu, al'umma, da tarin hikima. Kuna da wani abu da ba su taɓa yi ba - manufar fasaha da aka gina don daidai wannan ƙalubalen. Tambayar ita ce ko za ku yi amfani da shi kafin garken ya wuce kiwo.
Tambayoyin da ake yawan yi
Mene ne ma'anar "yawan shanu, yawan mata" a tattalin arzikin gargajiya?
A cikin al'ummomin makiyaya a gabashin Afirka, shanu ne a matsayin kudin farko da ma'aunin arziki. Maganar tana nuna madaidaiciyar ka'ida ta sikeli: tara ƙarin dabbobi kai tsaye yana ƙara zamantakewar mutum da iya biyan kuɗin amarya don aure. Wannan tsohon tsarin yana nuna dabarun kasuwanci na zamani - sake saka hannun jari don haɓaka haɓaka, faɗaɗa iyawa, da gina dukiya mai ɗorewa a kan lokaci.Ta yaya tsoffin ƙa'idodin sikelin sikelin ke aiki ga ƴan kasuwa na zamani?
Tattalin arzikin Masai, Dinka, da Fulani na tushen shanu na nuna ginshiƙan kasuwanci mara lokaci: sake saka hannun jari, raba kadarori, da kuma samar da dukiya don buɗe sabbin damammaki. 'Yan kasuwa na zamani suna bin littafin wasa iri ɗaya lokacin da suke sake saka hannun jari zuwa kayan aiki, hazaka, da ababen more rayuwa. Babban darasi shine sake saka hannun jari mai ladabtarwa - ba tarawa ba - yana haifar da ci gaba mai girma a kowane zamani ko masana'antu.Waɗanne kayan aikin ne za su iya taimakawa ƙananan ƴan kasuwa su yi girma da kyau a yau?
'Yan kasuwa na zamani ba sa buƙatar kayan aikin da aka katse da yawa don girma. Platform kamar Mewayz suna haɗa nau'ikan kasuwanci guda 207 - daga CRM da daftari zuwa aiki da kai da tallace-tallace - zuwa tsarin aiki guda ɗaya wanda ke farawa daga $19/mo kawai. Wannan tsarin gaba ɗaya yana kawar da ɓarna kayan aiki, yana rage farashi, kuma yana barin masu kafa su mai da hankali kan haɓaka haɓaka maimakon sarrafa software.Me yasa sake saka hannun jari ya fi kudaden shiga don ci gaban kasuwanci?
Makiyaya sun fahimci cewa cinye duk shanunku na nufin ja da baya, yayin da dabarun sake saka hannun jarin garke ya haifar da koma baya. Hakanan ya shafi kasuwancin zamani: waɗanda suka kafa waɗanda suka sake saka ribar shiga cikin tsarin, aiki da kai, da sayan abokin ciniki akai-akai fiye da waɗanda suka fitar da wuri. Gina kayan aiki - "garken garke" na zamani - shine abin da ke canza tafiyar hawainiya zuwa wani kamfani mai girman gaske.Try Mewayz Free
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