Afikae Nàte Ŋu Ase Eŋlisigbe Gɔme?

Egbegbe Eŋlisigbe dola akpa gãtɔ te ŋu sea Eŋlisigbe si woŋlɔ alo wodo abe ƒe 500 enye sia ene gɔme bɔbɔe — le Shakespeare kple King James Biblia ƒe ɣeyiɣia me lɔƒo. Yi megbe wu ƒe 1400 ƒeawo ƒe nuwuwu, eye gbea dzea egɔme sena le eɖokui me be enye duta tɔ, eye mlɔeba la, womate ŋu ade dzesii kura be enye Eŋlisigbe kura o.

Nyabiase sia he nyaʋiʋli si nuwuwu meli na o vɛ le nyaŋuɖoɖo ƒe akpawo kple gbeŋutinunya ƒe nyamedzroƒewo siaa. Ŋuɖoɖoa nɔ te ɖe nenye be Eŋlisigbe si wodona alo esi woŋlɔnae nèdi be yeagblɔ, ale si nèse nu tso nuŋlɔɖi xoxowo ŋu, kple gbetagbe si me nèle egɔme dzem tsoe dzi. Mina míazɔ to ƒe alafaawo me eye míadi afisi tututu wò gɔmesese agbã le.

Aleke Eŋlisigbe Si Tso Ƒe 400 Va Yi Meɖi?

Eŋlisigbe tso ƒe 1600 ƒe gɔmedzedze — Shakespeare ƒe ɣeyiɣi, King James Biblia, kple Jamestown ɖoɖo — nye nusi gbeŋutinunyalawo yɔna be Egbegbe Eŋlisigbe Gbãtɔ. Ame akpa gãtɔ te ŋu xlẽnɛ sesẽna boo aɖeke o. "Matsɔ wò asɔ kple dzomeŋɔli ŋkeke aɖea?" mehiã gbegɔmeɖela o. Nyawo ƒe akpa gãtɔ nye esiwo míenya nyuie, gbeŋutise la zɔna ɖe ɖoɖo siwo míegazãna dzi, eye ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo, togbɔ be ewɔa nuku ɣeaɖewoɣi hã la, ete ɖe wo ŋu ale gbegbe be woate ŋu aɖe wo gɔme kpekpeɖeŋu manɔmee.

Trɔ yi megbe vie va ɖo ƒe 1400 ƒeawo ƒe nuwuwu lɔƒo, le William Caxton ƒe agbalẽtamɔ̃ ƒe ɣeyiɣia me lɔƒo, eye nuwo sesẽna vie. Ablɔɖegbeɖiɖi Gã — si nye tɔtrɔ gã aɖe si xɔ ƒe alafa geɖe le alesi woyɔa Eŋlisigbe me ablɔɖegbeɖiɖiwoe me — gakpɔtɔ nɔ edzi yim. Woate ŋu akpɔ nuŋɔŋlɔ siwo woŋlɔ tso ɣeyiɣi sia me dzi, gake ne àte ŋu ase ame aɖe ƒe nuƒoƒo la, àte ŋu awɔ avu kple wo yɔyɔ. Nya siwo dzena le axaa dzi tututu la aɖi le dzeɖoɖo me.

Afikae Gɔmesese Dzea Gbagbã Gɔme?

Gli ŋutɔŋutɔ dze abe ƒe 600 va ɖo 900 enye sia ene, le Titina Eŋlisigbe ƒe ɣeyiɣia me (anɔ abe ƒe 1100–1500 ene). Esia nye Eŋlisigbe si le Geoffrey Chaucer ƒe Canterbury Tales, si woŋlɔ le ƒe 1390-awo me. Bu fli gbãtɔ sia ŋu kpɔ: "Whan that Aprille with his shoures soote, the droghte of March hath perced to the roote." Àte ŋu aʋuʋu ŋku eye nàɖe gɔmesesea ɖa — April ƒe tsidzadza, March ƒe kuɖiɖi, nane si ku ɖe kewo ŋu — gake nuxexlẽ nyuie megali o. Fifia èle dɔ wɔm be yeaɖe gbe gɔme.

Titina Eŋlisigbe to vovo ŋutɔ le nuto kple ƒe ewo nu. Nuŋɔŋlɔ aɖe si woŋlɔ tso London le ƒe 1380 me la sɔ gbɔ sã wu esi tso Dziehe England le ƒe 1200. Normantɔwo ƒe Aʋadziɖuɖu si wowɔ le ƒe 1066 me na Fransegbe me nyawo yɔ Eŋlisigbe me fũ, eye wòtrɔ asi le gbea ƒe wɔwɔme, ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo ƒe ɖoɖowo, kple gbeɖiɖi ŋu vevie. Ɣeyiɣi sia mee egbegbe Eŋlisigbe dolawo trɔna tso "I can mostly follow this" yi "I need a glossary."

Ɣekaɣie Eŋlisigbe Dzudzɔ Eŋlisigbe Na Egbegbe Towo?

Hafi anɔ abe 1100 ene la, èŋlɔ Eŋlisigbe Xoxo — eye afisiae gɔmesese ɖiɖina va ɖoa zero kloe. Eŋlisigbe xoxo, si nye Beowulf ƒe gbegbɔgblɔ, ƒe dzedzeme kple gbeɖiɖi le abe gbegbɔgblɔ si to vovo kura ene. Fli gbãtɔe nye esi: "Hwæt! Wē Gār-Dena le gēar-dagum þēod-cyninga þrym gefrūnon me." Ne menye nusɔsrɔ̃ tɔxɛ aɖekee o la, màde dzesi esia be enye Eŋlisigbe o. Gbeŋutise la trɔ asi le eŋu vevie, Germanygbe koŋue nye nyawo, eye ŋɔŋlɔdzesi siwo míegazãna o gɔ̃ hã le ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo me, abe þ (ŋù) kple ð (eth).

Eŋlisigbe xoxoa sɔ kple egbegbe Icelandgbe alo Germanygbe wu gbe si xlẽm nèle fifia. Ɣeyiɣimɔzɔla si wotsɔ ƒu gbe ɖe ƒe alafa 9 lia me Wessex la anye mumu le dɔwɔwɔ me.

ƒe nyawo | Dɔwɔnu siwo wɔ dɔ ƒe atɔ̃ enye sia la ateŋu ase le wo ɖokui me be yewonye dutatɔwo abe alesi Eŋlisigbe Xoxoa se le eɖokui me egbea ene.

Nu Kawoe Fia Afisi Nàte Ŋu Atrɔ Yi Megbe?

Wò ŋutɔ wò "gɔmesese ƒe ɖeɖeɖa" nɔ te ɖe tɔtrɔ geɖe dzi. Menye amesiamee ƒoa gli la le ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me le ŋutinya me o.

ƒe nyawo
• Nuŋɔŋlɔ xoxowo kpɔkpɔ: Ame sia ame si srɔ̃ nu tso Shakespeare ŋu le suku la, tagbɔ le esi. Nuxlẽla siwo nya King James Biblia nyuie ate ŋu agbugbɔ ɖe megbe geɖe wu le bɔbɔe vie.
• Dzigbegbe: Britaintɔwo ƒe gbetagbe aɖewo dolawo, vevietɔ esiwo le Dziehe England kple Scotland, léa nyagbɔgblɔ kple nyayɔyɔ ƒe ɖoɖo siwo te ɖe Titina Eŋlisigbe ŋu me ɖe asi, si naa wodoa ŋgɔ vie.
• Germanygbe bubuwo nyanya: Germanygbe, Netherlandsgbe, alo Scandinaviagbewo nyanya kpena ɖe ame ŋu be wòaʋu Eŋlisigbe Xoxoa me nyagbɔgblɔ siwo ne menye nenema o la, egbegbe Eŋlisigbe dola siwo doa gbe ɖeka mate ŋu akpɔ o.
• Nuŋɔŋlɔ kple nuƒoƒo gɔmesese: Ɣesiaɣi kloe la, nuŋɔŋlɔ si woŋlɔ la gɔmeɖeɖe nɔa bɔbɔe wu gbegbɔgblɔ si wogblɔ tso ɣeyiɣi ɖeka me, elabena àte ŋu agbugbɔ axlẽ, adi nyawo, eye nàzã nya siwo ƒo xlãe ƒe kpeɖodziwo le wò ŋutɔ wò ablaɖeɖe nu.
• Ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo ƒe dzidzenu: Do ŋgɔ na agbalẽtamɔ̃ la, ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo mewɔ ɖeka kura o. Nya ɖeka ate ŋu adze le mɔ vovovo etɔ̃ nu le axa ɖeka dzi, si ana be nuŋɔŋlɔ xoxowo me toto sesẽ wu alesi woƒe nyagbewo ƒe xexlẽme ŋutɔŋutɔ bia.

Nukatae Esia Le Vevie Wu Gbeŋutinunya?

Nyabiase sia ku ɖe alesi ɖoɖowo trɔnae ŋu mlɔeba — kple alesi woate ŋu agblẽ amewo ɖi kabakabae. Eŋlisigbe metrɔ le nudzɔdzɔ ɖeka pɛ ko ta o. Etrɔ to asitɔtrɔ sue akpe geɖe siwo me wowɔa nu geɖe le me: nya siwo wodo, gbeŋutise si le bɔbɔe, ablɔɖegbeɖiɖi siwo trɔ, tɔtrɔ siwo woɖe ɖe anyi. Dzidzime ɖesiaɖe se esi do ŋgɔ nɛ gɔme, ke hã ƒe alafa geɖe ƒe ʋuʋu ƒokpli na nane si womate ŋu ade dzesii o vɛ.

Gɔmeɖose ma ke ku ɖe alesi dɔwɔƒewo wɔa dɔe hã ŋu. Dɔwɔnu kple dɔwɔwɔ siwo se le wo ɖokui me be wole ŋgɔ yim ƒe atɔ̃ enye sia la se le wo ɖokui me fifia be yewole manyamanya eye kadodo aɖeke megale yewo dome o. Spreadsheets ɖɔlia ledgers, cloud software ɖɔli spreadsheets, integrated platforms xɔ ɖe cloud dɔwɔnu siwo kaka teƒe — drift la nɔa anyi ɖaa. Habɔbɔ siwo do kpo woƒe dɔwɔwɔ ƒe gbegbɔgblɔ ƒe tɔtrɔ la tsi megbe, woʋlina vevie be yewoaxlẽ yewo ŋutɔ yewoƒe ɖoɖowo abe alesi míeʋlina vevie be míaxlẽ Chaucer ene.

Nyabiase Siwo Wobiana Enuenu

Ðe egbegbe Eŋlisigbedola ate ŋu anɔ agbe le titinaɣeyiɣiwo me England?

Le England ƒe titinaɣeyiɣiwo ƒe nuwuwu (ƒe 1300–1400) la, anɔ eme be àte ŋu agblɔ nuhiahiã veviwo to nuƒoƒo blewu, asiwɔwɔ ɖe nya dzi, kple kenyawo zazã ɖekae ƒe ƒuƒoƒo me. Le titinaɣeyiɣiwo ƒe gɔmedzedze (do ŋgɔ na ƒe 1100) la, dutagbe aɖe koŋue nàdo. Agbetsitsi anɔ te ɖe aɖaŋu ŋutɔŋutɔwo dzi wu gbegbɔgblɔ ƒe ŋutete. Dzeɖoɖo si woŋlɔ ɖi anɔ bɔbɔe vie wu nuƒoƒo, ne míetsɔe be èdo go ame aɖe si nya agbalẽ.

Ðe Eŋlisigbe Xoxoa nye gbe ɖeka kple egbegbe Eŋlisigbe nyateƒea?

Le gbegbɔgblɔ gome la, ẽ — Eŋlisigbe xoxoae nye egbegbe Eŋlisigbe tɔgbui tẽ, eye tɔtrɔ vivivi ƒe kɔsɔkɔsɔ si metso o si do ƒome kpli wo. Gake le nyateƒe me la, Eŋlisigbe Xoxoa kple egbegbe Eŋlisigbe dome gɔmesese ɖekae nye zero. Woƒe hatsotso si nye "gbe ɖeka" nye ŋutinya kple dzidzime ƒe ŋkɔyɔyɔ, ke menye esi wowɔna ŋutɔŋutɔ o. Ahiã be egbegbe dola nasrɔ̃ Eŋlisigbe Xoxoa abe dutagbe ene hafi axlẽ Beowulf le gbãtɔa me.

Nukae nye tɔtrɔ gãtɔ ɖeka kolia le Eŋlisigbe ƒe ŋutinya me?

Gbeŋutinunyala akpa gãtɔ fia asi Normantɔwo ƒe Aʋadziɖuɖu le ƒe 1066 be enye nudzɔdzɔ ɖeka kolia si trɔ amewo wu. Ena Fransegbe kple Latingbe me nyagbɔgblɔ gbogbo aɖewo va Eŋlisigbe me, eɖe Eŋlisigbe Xoxoa me agbalẽŋɔŋlɔ ƒe kɔnyinyia ɖa, eye wògbugbɔ trɔ asi le gbea ƒe gbeŋutise ŋu le ƒe alafa etɔ̃ siwo kplɔe ɖo me. Ablɔɖegbeɖiɖi Gã la ƒe Tɔtrɔ (ƒe 1400–1700) hã wɔ nuku nenema ke le nyayɔyɔ gome, gake Normantɔwo ƒe Aʋadziɖuɖua trɔ asi le Eŋlisigbe ŋu le ɖoƒe ɖesiaɖe — nyagbɔgblɔ, nyagɔmeɖegbalẽ, ŋɔŋlɔdzesiwo, kple bubu si le hadome.

Gbegbɔgblɔ trɔna, eye nenema kee wòle le alesi nèwɔa wò dɔwɔƒeae hã. Mewayz tsɔa modules 207 siwo wotsɔ wɔ ɖekae vaa mɔ̃ ɖeka dzi — eyata wò dɔwɔƒewo doa gbe ɖeka le dɔwɔƒe ɖesiaɖe me. Wɔ ɖeka kple ezãla 138,000 siwo trɔ asi le woƒe dɔwɔwɔ ŋu wòsɔ ɖe egbegbe nu xoxo. Dze wò dodokpɔ femaxee gɔme le app.mewayz.com eye nàtsɔ wò dɔwɔƒea ava fifi ɣeyiɣia me.