Jateminɛ kɛcogo tariku: WIMP Design wulicogo (ani a bincogo?).

Intɛrinɛti min ye fɛn bɛɛ Changé

ka kɔn san 1984 ɲɛ , ɔridinatɛriw tun bɛ kan kelen fɔ : sɛbɛnni . Fosiforo sɛrɛkili jɛmanw tun bɛ yeli kɛ ɛkran nɛrɛmaw kan k’a sɔrɔ baarakɛlaw tun bɛ cikan dogolenw to u hakili la walasa ka dosiye dɔ kopi kɛ dɔrɔn. O kɔfɛ, Apple ye Super Bowl jagokɛyɔrɔ kelen bɔ kɛnɛ kan, wa kalo damadɔ kɔnɔ, Macintosh ye mɔgɔ miliyɔn caman bila ka fɛn dɔ dɔn min ye fɛnba ye — i bɛ se ka fɛnw jira k’u digi. Jatebla baarakɛlaw ka ɲɛfɔli ma dabɔ o san na (a ju bɔra san 1960 waatiw la), nka o waati de la WIMP dilanni — Windows, Icons, Menus, ani Pointer — kɛra hadamaden ni ɔridinatɛri jɛɲɔgɔnya misali fangama ye. San tan naani ani ɔridinatɛri baarakɛla miliyari 5 ɲɔgɔn kɔfɛ, o misali kelen de bɛ an fanba ka baara kɛcogo ɲɛminɛ hali bi. Nka ni kan dɛmɛbagaw bɛ ɲininkali miliyari 1 bila kalo kɔnɔ, ni AI cidenw bɛ baarakɛcogo caman dafa u yɛrɛma, ani ni yɔrɔ jatebɔ bɛ pixelw lase yɔrɔ farikoloma la, ɲininkaliba dɔ bɛ ka bɔ kɛnɛ kan : yala WIMP dilanni sera a dan na wa?

Ka bɔ Xerox PARC la ka taa i ka tabali la : WIMP bɔyɔrɔ

Maana in daminɛ tɛ Kupɛritino nka Palo Alto, Xerox PARC ɲininikɛyɔrɔ min bɛ wele ko nsiirin, o kɔnɔ. San 1973, Xerox Alto kɛra ɔridinatɛri fɔlɔ ye min ye baara kɛ ni tabali ntalen ye — a dafalen don ni finɛtiriw ye minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn dafa, ni sosɛti bɛ taamasiyɛn ye, ani taamasiyɛn minnu bɛ dosiyew jira. Ɲininikalaw, n’olu ye Alan Kay ni Larry Tesler ye, olu ye baara caman kɛ Doug Engelbart ka san 1968 “Mother of All Demos” kan, a ye sosɛti, hypertexte ani waati yɛrɛyɛrɛ jɛkafɔ jira yɔrɔ min na, ka ɲɛsin lamɛnnikɛlaw ma minnu kabakoyara, Fall Joint Computer Conference la San Fransisko.

Xerox ye o hakilina in jago ni Star 8010 ye san 1981, a sɔngɔ kɛra dɔrɔmɛ 16.595 ye a kelen na — a bɛ se dɔrɔmɛ 55.000 ma bi dɔrɔmɛ la. A ma se ka jago kɛ, a ye 25 000 ɲɔgɔn dɔrɔn de feere. Nka Steve Jobs taara bɔ PARC la san 1979, k’a ye ko Alto bɛ baara la, mɔgɔ yɛrɛ ka ɔridinatɛri taamacogo jiginna kudayi. Apple ka Lisa (1983) ani o kɔfɛ Macintosh (1984) ye WIMP lase mɔgɔw ka sɔngɔ ma. Microsoft tugura o kɔ ni Windows 1.0 ye san 1985, wa san 1990 daminɛ na, paradigme in tun tɛ se ka bɔ a la. Windows 3.1 ye miliyɔn 10 ni kɔ feere a kalo fila fɔlɔ dɔrɔn kɔnɔ.

Min ye WIMP fanga bonya kosɛbɛ, o tun tɛ fɛɛrɛko ɲɛtaa ye — o tun ye hakilila dɔnniya ye. Buruw tun bɛ i n’a fɔ tabali. Foli tun bɛ i n’a fɔ foli. Nɔgɔbɔlanw tun bɛ i n’a fɔ binkannikɛlanw. O ntalen in ye kalan kɛcogo dɔgɔya ka bɔ dɔgɔkun caman cikan hakilijagabɔ la ka taa lɛrɛ caman ɲinini na. A siɲɛ fɔlɔ don, mɔgɔ gansanw tun bɛ se ka baara kɛ ni ɔridinatɛriw ye k’a sɔrɔ u ma gafe dɔ kalan.

Sanu waati : mun na WIMP ye fanga sɔrɔ san 40 kɔnɔ

WIMP ka ɲɛnamaya jan tɛ balawu ye . Paradigme in ye ɲɛtaa sɔrɔ bawo a ye gɛlɛya jɔnjɔn dɔ ɲɛnabɔ : i bɛ se ka baarakɛlaw dɛmɛ cogo di ka se ka baarakɛcogo gɛlɛnw sɔrɔ k’a sɔrɔ i ma u degun? Meniw bɛ cikanw labɛn ka kɛɲɛ ni ɲɔgɔndan ye. Windows bɛ sira Di baara caman kɛli ma yɔrɔw danfara fɛ. Ikonw bɛ sɛbɛnni surun yelen di. Wa, taamasiyɛn bɛ baarakɛlaw dɛmɛ u ka se ka fɛn dɔw lamaga — u b’a miiri ko i bɛ fɛnw lamaga, i tɛ cikanw di.

O faralen ɲɔgɔn kan, o y'a jira ko a bɛ se ka ladamu cogo kabakoma na. Tuma min na ɛntɛrinɛti sera san 1990 cɛmancɛ la, navigatɔrɔw kɛra finɛtiri wɛrɛ ye dɔrɔn. Ni smartfonw bɔra kɛnɛ kan, paradigme (paradigme) bɛ compressé — windows kɛra apps full-screen ye, menus kɛra hamburger icons ye, ani pointeur kɛra i bolokɔnincinin ye. Hali bi, n’i ye SaaS-plateforme belebele o belebele da wuli, i bɛna o kolo kelenw sɔrɔ: kɛrɛfɛ-menu, taamasiyɛnw ɲɛminɛcogo, jɛɲɔgɔnya min sinsinnen bɛ taamasiyɛnw kan, ani kɔnɔkow minnu bɛ jira panɛriw kɔnɔ minnu bɛ i n’a fɔ finɛtiri.

"Interface ɲuman ye min bɛ tunun — baarakɛlaw bɛ miiri u ka laɲiniw na yɔrɔ min na, baarakɛminɛn tɛ. WIMP y'o sɔrɔ mɔgɔw ka bɔnsɔn dɔ kɔnɔ, nka ntalen bɛɛ laban bɛ ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ ni gɛlɛya ye min dabɔra ka dogo."

paradigme in ka muɲuli fana ye rezow nɔ barikama dɔ lawuli . Ni mɔgɔ miliyari caman ye WIMP ka bɛnkanw dege tuma min na — i ka digi siɲɛ fila walasa ka da wuli, i kininbolo digi walasa ka sugandiliw sɔrɔ, ka i sama walasa ka taa — porogaramu o porogaramu min bɔra sira kan, o tun bɛ baarakɛcogo jalakiba sara. Dabɔbagaw ye WIMP Dafa k’a sababu Kɛ a ma Kɛ k’a sababu Kɛ a ka ɲi kosɛbɛ, nka k’a sababu Kɛ baarakɛlaw tùn b’a Dɔn kaban. Nin ye o girinya sama kelen ye min bɛ QWERTY klaviyeti labɛncogo to ɲɛnamaya la san 150 a dabɔlen kɔfɛ walasa ka sɛbɛnnikɛlanw ka jɔli bali.

Fanga karilenw : WIMP bɛ kari yɔrɔ min na

A cɛɲi bɛɛ la, WIMP ka dɛsɛcogo sɛbɛnnen don koɲuman — wa u bɛ ka juguya ka taa a fɛ ni porogaramuw bɛ ka gɛlɛya ka taa a fɛ. Crack fɔlɔ ye menu overload ye. Microsoft Word 2003 tun bɛ ni menu (dɔnkilida-minɛn) caman ye fo a ka baarakɛda tɔgɔ bɔra kosɛbɛ ka 'interface (dakun) bɛɛ labɛn kokura ka Kɛ Ribbon for Office 2007 ye, k'a Sɔ̀rɔ kosɛbɛ ko menu (menu) minnu bɛ 'yɔrɔ la, olu tɛ Se ka 'sèn Bɔ. Adobe Creative Suite ka fɛn dilannenw bɛ to ka menu 200+ sɔrɔ. Baarakɛlaw bɛ "menu fiyentɔya" yiriwa, k'u ɲɛmajɔ sugandili fanba la ani k'u jigi da cikan 10-15 kelenw kan klaviyeti surunw fɛ — u bɛ segin cogo ɲuman na cikan-sɛbɛn kɛcogo la min sirilen bɛ jatebɔlan kɔnɔ.

kari filanan ye finɛtiri ɲɛnabɔli sɛgɛn ye . Dɔnniya baarakɛlaw bɛ baara kɛ bi baarakɛminɛn suguya 13 kɔnɔ tile kɔnɔ, ka kɛɲɛ ni ɲininiw ye minnu bɔra Qatalog ni Cornell Iniwɛrisite la. Hakilila musaka min bɛ bɔ finɛtiriw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ, k’i hakili to kunnafoniw sigiyɔrɔ la, ani ka sigida laminiw mara ɲɔgɔndan tilalenw kɔnɔ, o ka bon kosɛbɛ. Kalanw y’a jira ko baarakɛlaw bɛ lɛrɛ 9,3 bɔnɛ dɔgɔkun kɔnɔ dɔrɔn ka taama kɛ baarakɛminɛnw ni ɲɔgɔn cɛ ani ka sigida sigi sen kan kokura.

kari sabanan n' a jɔnjɔnba ye ko WIMP bɛ adamadenw ka jɛɲɔgɔnya daminɛ , senfɛ-senfɛ . Waleya bɛɛ bɛ digi, sugandili, dantigɛli de wajibiya. O tun bɛ se ka kɛ tuma min na ɔridinatɛriw tun ye baarakɛminɛnw ye minnu tɛ baara kɛ, minnu tun bɛ cikanw makɔnɔ. A nafa ka dɔgɔ kosɛbɛ AI waleyali waati la, baarakɛcogo otomatiki, ani sistɛmu minnu ka kan ka baara kɛ i tɔgɔ la k’a sɔrɔ i ma a ɲini i fɛ i ka desizɔn bɛɛ jira ani k’a digi.

WIMP kɔfɛ kɛlɛcɛw : mun bɛ na kɔfɛ ?

"post-WIMP" daɲɛ in dabɔra Andries van Dam fɛ san 1997 , nka a nɔfɛkow kɛra kɔsa in na dɔrɔn de ye minnu bɛ se ka kɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛli la . Paradigme caman bɛ ka ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ walasa ka dɔ fara — walima k’a bila — san binaani modɛli in nɔ na :

1. Baro UI ni AI cidenw : ChatGPT sera baarakɛla miliyɔn 100 ma kalo fila kɔnɔ , k' a jira ko kan dacogo bɛ se ka kɛ ɲɔgɔndan fɔlɔ ye . AI cidenw i n’a fɔ minnu bɛ bɔ jagokɛyɔrɔw la, olu bɛ se ka baara caman kɛ — ka faturaw dilan, ka lajɛw boloda, ka kunnafoniw sɛgɛsɛgɛ — ka bɔ sɛbɛnnikɛlan kelen na, ka menu ni finɛtiriw tɛmɛn pewu.
2. Ambient and Spatial Computing : Apple ka Vision Pro ni Meta ka Quest bɛ pari jira ko ɔridinatɛri ka kan ka kɛ 3D yɔrɔ la i lamini na , a man kan ka siri 2D rectangles kɔnɔ Hali n’a y’a sɔrɔ ko denfaya daminɛna hali bi (a fɔra ko Apple ye 500.000 ɲɔgɔn ci san fɔlɔ kɔnɔ), yɔrɔko paradigme bɛ finɛtiri ntalen tiɲɛ kosɛbɛ.
3. Jɛkulu ni kumakanw : kumakan dɛmɛnanw bɛ sigi minɛn miliyari 4,2 ni kɔ kan diɲɛ kɔnɔ . Mobili, izini, ani sɔrɔko siratigɛ la, kumakan fɔlɔ ɲɔgɔndanw bɛ WIMP nɔ na pewu kaban.
4. Otomatiki-Fɔlɔ Dashboards : Bi jagokɛyɔrɔw bɛ ka wuli ka bɔ "click to do" la ka taa "configure once, monitor tuma bɛɛ." Sani a ka taa sarako modulu dɔ la, ka baarakɛlaw digi, ka wari sarali daminɛ ni bolo ye, o sitɛmu bɛ sarako baara a yɛrɛma ani ka danfara dɔrɔn de bɔ kɛnɛ kan minnu mago bɛ hadamadenw ka jateminɛ na.

o paradigme ninnu si ma se ka WIMP ka diɲɛnatigɛ sɔrɔ fɔlɔ . Nka taamacogo jɛlen don : ɲɔgɔndanw bɛ ka bɔ bololabaara la ka taa ŋaniya jiracogo la. I b’a fɔ sistɛmu ye i b’a fɛ min na, a b’a jateminɛ cogo min na.

Bisiko hybride : bi plateformes bɛ diɲɛ fila bɛɛ tigɛ cogo min na

Tiɲɛ min bɛ kɛ jagokɛla fanba bolo san 2026 kɔnɔ, o ye ko WIMP tɛ sa — a bɛ layɛrɛ . Porozɛw jɔyɔrɔ minnu bɛ baara kɛ kosɛbɛ bi, olu bɛ yecogo dɔntaw ni AI-powered automation fara ɲɔgɔn kan, o bɛ baarakɛlaw dusu saalo ka point-and-click kɛ n’u b’a fɛ ka kunnafoni tilennen sɔrɔ ani ka otomatiki baarakɛcogo ɲuman sɔrɔ n’u t’a fɛ.

Nin ​​ye fɛɛrɛ ye tigitigi min bɛ kɛ ni platformuw i n'a fɔ Mewayz n'u ka modulari jago OS ye. Ni modulu 207 bɛ CRM, fatura, sarako, HR, kurunbokari, jatebɔ, ani jateminɛw kan, baarakɛcogo dafalen tɛna se ka baara kɛ ni a ye laadala menu-driven interface kɔnɔ. O nɔ na, ​​Mewayz bɛ moduluw labɛn ka kɛ baarakɛyɔrɔ ye min bɛ se ka labɛn, jagokɛlaw bɛ u mago bɛ fɛn minnu na dɔrɔn, olu bɛ baara kɛ yɔrɔ min na, ka dɔ bɔ hakililata camanba la min bɛ WIMP baarakɛminɛn kɔrɔw tɔɔrɔ. AI otomatiki bɛ baarakɛcogo segin-seginw ɲɛnabɔ — ka tugu-tugu- batakiw ci, ka kunnafoniw dilan, ka faturaw baara minnu bɛ segin-ka-bɔ — k’a sɔrɔ ɲɛjirali-yɔrɔ bɛ hakilinaw ni danfara minnu bɛ se ka waleya, olu bɔ kɛnɛ kan minnu bɛ hadamaden ka kiritigɛ de wajibiya.

Nin modɛli hybride in bɛ sɔn tiɲɛ dɔ ma min saniyabagaw ka teli ka tɛmɛ : baara suguya wɛrɛw bɛ jɛɲɔgɔnya kɛcogo wɛrɛw de wajibiya . Nafolo siratigɛ lajɛ ye yecogo ye a danma — i b’a fɛ ka jatebɔw, jatew, ani yɔrɔ jɛɲɔgɔnyaw sɔrɔ. Nka ka sarako boli daminɛ baarakɛla 50 ye, o man kan ka kɛ sababu ye ka digi 15 kan menu nested fɛ. Bi ɲɔgɔndan ɲumanw bɛ cogoya fila bɛɛ di i ma cogo la min tɛ fɛn tiɲɛ, wa u b’a dɔn i b’a fɛ ka baara minnu kɛ bolo la ka tɛmɛ i nisɔndiyalen kan ka baara minnu kɛ otomatiki la.

Ɲininkali lakika tɛ "WIMP bɛna sa wa?" — O ye "Mun bɛ ntalen nɔ bila?"

WIMP ka dɛmɛ juguba tun tɛ finɛtiriw , taamasiyɛnw , menuw ani taamasiyɛnw faralen ɲɔgɔn kan kɛrɛnkɛrɛnnenya la . O tun ye tabali ntalen ye — hakilina min b’a jira ko yɔrɔ nimɔrɔma ka kan ka yɔrɔ farikoloma jira walasa ka kalan kurukuruw dɔgɔya. Filenw bɛ taa foli kɔnɔ. Sɛbɛnw sigilen bɛ tabali kan. Fɛn minnu bɔra yen, olu bɛ taa binkɛnɛ na. O ntalen in ye ɔridinatɛriw kɛ mɔgɔ miliyari caman bolo minnu ma deli ka foyi porogaramu.

Gɛlɛya min bɛ WIMP kɔfɛ dilancogo la, o ye ka misali barikama sɔrɔ o cogo kelen na AI-augmented baara kama. Ka baara dɔ "bolofara" AI ciden dɔ ma, o bɛ cogo di? I bɛ baarakɛcogo otomatiki dɔ ye cogo di min bɛ boli kɔfɛ? Ni sistɛmu dɔ ye desizɔn ta i tɔgɔ la, a bɛ min kɛ, a bɛ o fɔ cogo di ani mun na? ninnu ye dilan gɛlɛyaw ye, izini in bɛ ka minnu ɲɛnabɔ hali bi waati yɛrɛ la.

Jaabi fɔlɔ dɔw bɛ ka bɔ kɛnɛ kan . Kunnafoni-cimago-yɔrɔw (miiri Slack kanw walima baarakɛcogo-feerew) bɛ ka dosiye-sitɛmu-yɔrɔw bila u nɔ na. Dashboard-first designs bɛ sɔrɔw bila jɔyɔrɔ fɔlɔ la ka tɛmɛ navigation kan. Wa barokɛyɔrɔw bɛ namara lawuli ka baara kɛ ni baarakɛɲɔgɔn hakilitigi dɔ ye sanni ka baara masin dɔ la. Plateforme minnu bɛ nin jiginni in sɔrɔ ka ɲɛ — WIMP sɔrɔli sabatili k’a sɔrɔ u bɛ otomatiki baarakɛcogo ɲuman da wuli — olu bɛna baarakɛcogo porogaramuw waati nata ɲɛfɔ.

Kalan minnu bɛ bɔ san 40 digili la

WIMP dilanni tariku bɛ kalan jɛlen di mɔgɔ o mɔgɔ ma min bɛ jago porogaramuw jɔ walima ka u sugandi bi : interfaces ka kan ka baara kɛ baara gɛlɛya la , a man kan ka kɛ a kɔfɛ Xerox PARC ka ɲininikɛlaw y’o faamu san 1973. Apple y’a faamu san 1984. Wa bi plateforme ɲumanw y’a faamuya sisan, o de y’a to u bɛ ka tɛmɛn menu hierarchies gɛlɛnw kan ka taa interfaces intelligents, adaptatives fɛ minnu bɛ baarakɛlaw kunbɛn u bɛ yɔrɔ min na.

Jagokɛla 138.000+ minnu bɛ baara kɛ ni plateformew ye kaban i n' a fɔ Mewayz , nin jiginni in ye wale ye , a tɛ kɛ teori ye . Ni platform kelen ye CRM, fatura, HR, analytics, ani baara tan ni caman wɛrɛw fara ɲɔgɔn kan ka kɛ baarakɛyɔrɔ kelen ye, interface ka kan ka kɛ hakilitigi ye ka tɛmɛ menu jiri laadalata kan. A ka kan ka modulu ɲuman surface waati bɛnnen na, ka ko kɔrɔfɔlenw kɛ otomatiki ye, ka to sira kan fɛn tɔw bɛɛ la.

WIMP tɛ bin — a ma bin fɔlɔ, wa n’a sɔrɔla a ma bin a bɛɛ la. Nka a bɛ ka Dòn fɛnba dɔ la: 'interface philosophy (dakun-falen-falen) min kɔnɔ, digili ye baara kɛcogo caman dɔ dɔrɔn de ye, wa ka t'a fɛ, a tɛ baara kɛcogo ɲuman ye. Siɲɛ wɛrɛ n’i y’i bolo se i ka sosɛti ma walasa ka menu saba lajɛ ka dun walasa ka baara dɔ dafa min tun ka kan ka kɛ i yɛrɛma, i hakili to a la — ko ɲɔgɔndan ye dilancogo sugandili ye, a tɛ ko ye min tɛ se ka bali. Wa plateforme minnu b' a ban , olu de bɛna se sɔrɔ .

Ɲininkali minnu bɛ kɛ tuma caman na

Intɛrinɛti min ye fɛn bɛɛ Changé

ka kɔn san 1984 ɲɛ , ɔridinatɛriw tun bɛ kan kelen fɔ : sɛbɛnni . Fosiforo sɛrɛkili jɛmanw tun bɛ yeli kɛ ɛkran nɛrɛmaw kan k’a sɔrɔ baarakɛlaw tun bɛ cikan dogolenw to u hakili la walasa ka dosiye dɔ kopi kɛ dɔrɔn. O kɔfɛ, Apple ye Super Bowl jagokɛyɔrɔ kelen bɔ kɛnɛ kan, kalo damadɔ kɔnɔ, Macintosh ye mɔgɔ miliyɔn caman bila ka fɛn dɔ dɔn min ye fɛnba ye — i bɛ se ka fɛnw jira k’u digi. Jatebla baarakɛlaw ka ɲɛfɔli ma dabɔ o san na (a ju bɔra san 1960 waatiw la), nka o waati de la WIMP dilanni — Windows, Icons, Menus, ani Pointer — kɛra hadamaden ni ɔridinatɛri jɛɲɔgɔnya misali fangama ye. San tan naani ani ɔridinatɛri baarakɛla miliyari 5 ɲɔgɔn kɔfɛ, o misali kelen de bɛ an fanba ka baara kɛcogo ɲɛminɛ hali bi. Nka ni kan dɛmɛbagaw bɛ ɲininkali miliyari 1 bila kalo kɔnɔ, ni AI cidenw bɛ baarakɛcogo caman dafa u yɛrɛma, ani ni yɔrɔ jatebɔ bɛ pixelw lase yɔrɔ farikoloma la, ɲininkaliba dɔ bɛ ka bɔ kɛnɛ kan : yala WIMP dilanni sera a dan na wa?

Ka bɔ Xerox PARC la ka taa i ka tabali la : WIMP bɔyɔrɔ

Maana in daminɛ tɛ Kupɛritino nka Palo Alto, Xerox PARC ɲininikɛyɔrɔ min bɛ wele ko nsiirin, o kɔnɔ. San 1973, Xerox Alto kɛra ɔridinatɛri fɔlɔ ye min ye baara kɛ ni tabali ntalen ye — a dafalen don ni finɛtiriw ye minnu bɛ ɲɔgɔn dafa, ni sosɛti bɛ taamasiyɛn ye, ani taamasiyɛn minnu bɛ dosiyew jira. Ɲininikalaw, n’olu ye Alan Kay ni Larry Tesler ye, olu ye baara caman kɛ Doug Engelbart ka san 1968 “Mother of All Demos” kan, a ye sosɛti, hypertexte ani waati yɛrɛyɛrɛ jɛkafɔ jira yɔrɔ min na, ka ɲɛsin lamɛnnikɛlaw ma minnu kabakoyara, Fall Joint Computer Conference la San Fransisko.

Sanu waati : mun na WIMP ye fanga sɔrɔ san 40 kɔnɔ

WIMP ka ɲɛnamaya jan tɛ balawu ye . Paradigme in ye ɲɛtaa sɔrɔ bawo a ye gɛlɛya jɔnjɔn dɔ ɲɛnabɔ : i bɛ se ka baarakɛlaw dɛmɛ cogo di ka se ka baarakɛcogo gɛlɛnw sɔrɔ k’a sɔrɔ i ma u degun? Meniw bɛ cikanw labɛn ka kɛɲɛ ni ɲɔgɔndan ye. Windows bɛ sira Di baara caman kɛli ma yɔrɔw danfara fɛ. Ikonw bɛ sɛbɛnni surun yelen di. Wa, taamasiyɛn bɛ baarakɛlaw dɛmɛ u ka se ka fɛn dɔw lamaga — u b’a miiri ko i bɛ fɛnw lamaga, i tɛ cikanw di.

Fanga karilenw : WIMP bɛ kari yɔrɔ min na

A cɛɲi bɛɛ la, WIMP ka dɛsɛcogo sɛbɛnnen don koɲuman — wa u bɛ ka juguya ka taa a fɛ ni porogaramuw bɛ ka gɛlɛya ka taa a fɛ. Fɔlɔ crack ye menu overload ye. Microsoft Word 2003 tun bɛ ni menu (dɔnkilida-minɛn) caman ye fo a ka baarakɛda tɔgɔ bɔra kosɛbɛ ka 'interface (dakun) bɛɛ labɛn kokura ka Kɛ Ribbon for Office 2007 ye, k'a Sɔ̀rɔ kosɛbɛ ko menu (menu) minnu bɛ 'yɔrɔ la, olu tɛ Se ka 'sèn Bɔ. Adobe Creative Suite ka fɛn dilannenw bɛ to ka menu 200+ sɔrɔ. Baarakɛlaw bɛ "menu fiyentɔya" yiriwa, k'u ɲɛmajɔ sugandili fanba la ani k'u jigi da cikan 10-15 kelenw kan klaviyeti surunw fɛ — u bɛ segin cogo ɲuman na cikan-sɛbɛn kɛcogo la min sirilen bɛ jatebɔlan kɔnɔ.

WIMP kɔfɛ ɲɔgɔndanw : mun bɛ na kɔfɛ ?

"post-WIMP" daɲɛ in dabɔra Andries van Dam fɛ san 1997 , nka a nɔfɛkow kɛra kɔsa in na dɔrɔn de ye minnu bɛ se ka kɛ sɛgɛsɛgɛli la . Paradigme caman bɛ ka ɲɔgɔn sɔrɔ walasa ka dɔ fara — walima k’a bila — san binaani modɛli in nɔ na :